Aquaculture
Aquaculture
the controlled production of animals that normally live in water (fish farming)
three thousand year old practice started by the
Egyptians and Chinese
Aquaculture
two types of water creatures
freshwater
saltwater
Aquaculture
animals raised for production may include
crustaceans (shrimp and crayfish)
mollusks (clams and oysters)
amphibians (frogs)
reptiles (alligators)
Aquaculture
fish provide a high quality high protein supply of meat
as with other agriculture animals humans soon discovered that by producing their own aquatic
animals that the supply available to the consumer would be more dependable and easier to harvest
Aquaculture
commercial growth growing of fish
five million tons a year produced
demands of the consumer has increased
Aquaculture
aquatic animals are
produced efficiently and economically
fish account for 12% of
the meat consumed in the US
Fish Production
many advantages over
other agricultural animals
9lbs. Feed for 1lbs. Of gain for steer
2lbs. Feed for 1lbs. Of gain a fish
Fish Production
fish are ectothermic (cold-blooded)
this means less energy
goes into maintaining a
constant body temp
Fish Production
fish have a higher
percentage of edible meat (up to 85%)
up to 6000 pounds fish
can be raised on one acre
Fish Production
Problems in fish production
dissolved oxygen level must be maintained
shipping the meat (fish spoils quickly)
operations are labor intensive
operations are high risk
Fish Respiration
breathe oxygen
use gills to take oxygen from the water and put it to use in the bloodstream
gills act just as lungs do
Fish Respiration
The oxygen is put into the water through…
photosynthesis
process in which aquatic plants which releases dissolved
oxygen into the water
Fish Respiration
directly from the sun
penetrating the oxygen into the waves
aeration by crating
waves
Fish Respiration
if the dissolved oxygen
level falls below a certain point the fish may
suddenly die (suffocate)
Commercially Grown
grouped into two categories
warm water
thrive in temps above 60 degrees
catfish and tilapia most popular in US
Cold Water
thrive in waters that are 70 degrees or less
