• Sonuç bulunamadı

1920-1950 yılları arasında Türkiye Büyük Millet Meclisi'nin sosyal ve iktisadi yapısı

N/A
N/A
Protected

Academic year: 2022

Share "1920-1950 yılları arasında Türkiye Büyük Millet Meclisi'nin sosyal ve iktisadi yapısı"

Copied!
115
0
0

Yükleniyor.... (view fulltext now)

Tam metin

(1).,5,..$/(h1ø9(56ø7(6ø. 626<$/%ø/ø0/(5(167ø7h6h. 7$5ø+$1$%ø/ø0'$/,. 785*$<%$ù78ö. 1920–1950 YILLARI ARASINDA. 7h5.ø<(%h<h.0ø//(70(&/ø6ø1ø1 626<$/9(ø.7ø6$'ø<APISI. Yüksek Lisans Tezi. 7(=<g1(7ø&ø6ø. 352)'5ø60$ø/g=d(/ø.. KIRIKKALE–2007.

(2) ÖZET. 7UNL\H %\N 0LOOHW 0HFOLVLQGH DoÕOGÕ÷Õ WDULKWHQ LWLEDUHQ oRN IDUNOÕ VRV\DO LNWLVDGL VL\DVL KDWWD HWQLN N|NHQOHUH VDKLS PLOOHWYHNLOOHUL J|UHY \DSPÕúWÕU %X YHNLOOHULQ H÷LWLP GXUXPODUÕ PHVOHNOHUL JLEL NRQXODU ROGXNoD |QHPOL LVWDWLVWLN. bilgileUL. RUWD\D NR\PDNWDGÕU 0LOOHWYHNLOOHULQLQ EX |]HOOLNOHUL KDONÕQ WHUFLKLQL. NXOODQÕUNHQ PLOOHWYHNLOOHULQGH J|UPHN LVWHGL÷L |]HOOLNOHU KDNNÕQGD LSXFX YHUPHVL KHPGHPHFOLVLQoDOÕúPDVՁ]HULQGHHWNLOLROPXúWXU. II.

(3) ABSTRACT. As of Turkish Grand National Assembly was opened,there have been deputies who have diffirent political, social,economical and also ethnic background.Subjects which are like education level of the deputies or job of the deputies, reflect very crucial statistical informations. When citizens used their preferences,these qualifications of deputies which played effective role over workings of assembly and also It gave a clue to citizens about qualifications which citizens want to see.. III.

(4) .øùø6(/.$%8/$d,./$0$. -. <NVHN/LVDQVWH]LRODUDNKD]ÕUODGÕ÷ÕP³ <ÕOODUÕ $UDVÕQGD7UNL\H %\N 0LOOHW 0HFOLVLQLQ 6RV\DO 9H øNWLVDGL <DSÕVÕ´ DGOÕ oDOÕúPDPÕ LOPv YH DKOkNv JHOHQHNOHUH D\NÕUÕ GúHFHN ELU \DUGÕPD EDúYXUPDNVÕ]ÕQ \D]GÕ÷ÕPÕ YH ID\GDODQGÕ÷ÕP HVHUOHULQ ELEOL\RJUDI\D GD J|VWHUGLNOHULPGHQ LEDUHW ROGX÷XQX EXQODUD DWÕI \DSDUDN \DUDUODQPÕúROGX÷XPXEHOLUWLUYHEXQXúHUHIYHKD\VL\HWLPOHGR÷UXODUÕP. …./…./2007 7XUJD\%$ù78ö. IV.

(5) ÖNSÖZ. 7UNL\H %\N 0LOOHW 0HFOLVLQGH DoÕOGÕ÷Õ WDULKWHQ LWLEDUHQ oRN IDUNOÕ VRV\DO LNWLVDGv VL\DVv KDWWD HWQLN N|NHQOHUH VDKLS PLOOHWYHNLOOHUL J|UHY \DSPÕúWÕU %X YHNLOOHULQH÷LWLPGXUXPODUÕ\DúRUWDODPDODUÕPHVOHNOHULJLELNRQXODUROGXNoD|QHPOL LVWDWLVWLN ELOJLOHUL RUWD\D NR\PDNWDGÕU. Milletvekillerinin bu özellikleri, Türkiye. &XPKXUL\HWLQLQ JHoLUPLú ROGX÷X VRV\DO HNRQRPLN YH VL\DVv PHUKDOHOHU KDONÕQ WHUFLKLQL. NXOODQÕUNHQ. PLOOHWYHNLOOHULQGH. J|UPHN. LVWHGL÷L. |]HOOLNOHUL. J|VWHUPHVL. EDNÕPÕQGDQ |QHPOL J|VWHUJHOHU RUWD\D NR\PDNWDGÕU $\UÕFD RUWD\D oÕNDQ \DSÕQÕQ. meclisiQ. oDOÕúPDODUÕ ]HULQGH HWNLOL ROGX÷X J|UOPHNWHGLU g]HOOLNOH G|QHPOHU. DUDVÕQGDNL IDUNOÕOÕN ONHQLQ JHoLUPLú ROGX÷X VL\DVL LNWLVDGL YH VRV\DO HYUHOHUL GH RUWD\DNR\PDNWDGÕU. -. 7H] oDOÕúPDPGD   \ÕOODUÕ DUDVÕQGD 7UN VL\DVv KD\DWÕQÕQ JHQHO. çerçevesi LoLQGH GHPRNUDWLN \DVDPD RUJDQÕPÕ] NRQXPXQGD RODQ 7UNL\H %\N 0LOOHW 0HFOLVLQL ROXúWXUDQ YHNLOOHULQ VR\VDO YH HNRQRPLN GXUXPODUÕQÕ RUWD\D NR\PD\D oDOÕúWÕP %X. istatistiksel verilerden hareketle gerek parlamenter sistem. JHUHNVHONHPL]LQJHoLUGL÷LVUHoOHUOHLOJLOLWHVSLWOHU\DSPD\DoDOÕúWÕP. $UDúWÕUPDQÕQ JLULú E|OPQGH 2VPDQOÕ. Devleti dönemi parlamento tecrübesi. tir. KDNNÕQGDELOJLYHULOPLú. Birinci bölümde 1920-\ÕOODUÕDUDVÕQGDNLG|QHPGH7UNVL\DVvKD\DWÕHOH DOÕQPÕúWÕU %X E|OPGH7UNL\H %\N 0LOOHW0HFOLVLQLQ DoÕOÕúÕ YH JHQHO |]HOOLNOHUL VL\DVv SDUWLOHULQ NXUXOXúX oRN SDUWLOL KD\DWD JHoPH oDOÕúPDODUÕ YH EX oDEDODUÕQ EDúDUÕVÕ]OÕ÷Õ VRQXFXQGD GR÷DQ 0LOOL ùHI G|QHPL YH 7HN 3DUWL UHMLPL ]HULQGH GXUXOPXúWXU. øNLQFL. bölümünde ise 1920-. \ÕOODUÕ DUDVÕQGD PHFOLVWH J|UHY \DSDQ. PLOOHWYHNLOOHULQLQ H÷LWLP PHVOHN \Dú FLQVL\HW SDUODPHQWRGDNL KL]PHW VUHOHUL YH.

(6) GR÷XP \HUOHUL LOH VHoLP E|OJHOHUL DUDVÕQGDNL LOLúNL ORNDOLWH

(7)  KDNNÕQGD LVWDWLVWLNVHO ELOJLOHUYHULOHUHNEXYHULOHUHJ|UHGH÷HUOHQGLUPHOHU\DSÕOPÕúWÕU. dDOÕúPDGDKHP SDUODPHQWHUVLVWHPKHPGHFXPKXUL\HWG|QHPLVL\DVLVRV\DO YH HNRQRPLNKD\DWÕKDNNÕQGD|QHPOLLSXoODUÕYHUHFHNLVWDWLVWLNVHO ELOJLOHUHXODúÕOGÕ÷Õ NDQDDWLQGH\LP %X. EDNÕPGDQ. LOJLOL. G|QHP LoHULVLQGH. 7UNL\H. %\N. 0LOOHW. Meclisinin, TUN SDUODPHQWR KD\DWÕQÕQ YH ONH JHQHOLQLQ \DSÕVÕ EX \DSÕGD PH\GDQD JHOHQ GH÷LúLPOHUL WHVSLW HWPH QRNWDVÕQGD ID\GDOÕ RODFD÷ÕQÕ WHPHQQL HGL\RUXP %X YHVLOH\OH |÷UHQFLOLN KD\DWÕP ER\XQFD KHU WUO GHVWHN YH \DUGÕPÕQÕ J|UG÷P EDúWD WH] GDQÕúPDQÕP 3URI 'U øVPDLO g=d(/ø. YH <UG 'Ro 'U gPHU %8'$. ROPDN ]HUHE|OPKRFDODUÕPDWHúHNNUHGL\RUXP%XQODUDUDVÕQGD|]HOOLNOH<DUG'Ro'U gPHU %8'$.¶ÕQ ]HULPGHNL KDNNÕ NHOLPHOHUH VÕ÷PD\DFDN NDGDU E\NWU $\UÕFD WH] NRQXP ]HULQGH J|Uú YH |QHULOHULQL DOGÕ÷ÕP 'Ro 'U 'HUYLú .,/,1d.$<$ <DUG 'Ro 'U +DPLW 3(+/ø9$1/,. Yard. Doç. Dr. Orhan AVCI, Yard. Doç. Dr.. 6ÕGGÕNd$/,.YH$UDú*|U(UNDQ*g.68¶\DWHúHNNUHGHULP. 7XUJD\%$ù78ö. .ÕUÕNNDOH. VI. –2006.

(8) ødø1'(.ø/(5 ÖZET.......................................................................................................................II ABSTRACT .......................................................................................................... III MA ............................................................................ IV. .øùø6(/.$%8/$d,./$. ÖNSÖZ................................................................................................................... V ødø1'(.ø/(5. .....................................................................................................VII. KISALTMALAR ................................................................................................... IX ...................................................................................................................... 1 ................ 2 %

(9) ø.ø1&ø0(ù587ø<(7'g1(0ø3$5/$0(172'(1(<ø0ø ................... 7 &

(10) 260$1/,0(&/ø6/(5ø9(*(1(/g=(//ø./(5ø ............................... 12. *ø5øù. $

(11) %ø5ø1&ø0(ù587ø<(79(ø/.260$1/,3$5/$0(17268. I. BÖLÜM ............................................................................................................. 22 1920-$5$6,7h5.6ø<$6Ì+$<$7, ......................................................... 22 $

(12) 7h5.ø<(%h<h.0ø//(70(&/ø6ø¶1ø1$d,/0$6, ........................... 22 1- 1920 Öncesi Siyasî Ortam .......................................................................... 22 2-6RQ2VPDQOÕ0HEXVDQ0HFOLVLQLQ7RSODQPDVÕ ........................................... 24 3-7UNL\H%\N0LOOHW0HFOLVLQLQ$oÕOPDVÕ................................................. 26 4- Birinci TBMM’nin Genel Özellikleri ......................................................... 30 5-%LULQFL7%00¶GH2OXúDQ*UXSODúPDODUYH0XKDOHIHW ............................... 34 %

(13) 6ø<$6ø3$57ø/(5ø1.858/8ù8 ............................................................ 46 1-&XPKXUL\HW+DON)ÕUNDVÕ¶QÕQ.XUXOXúXYHøFUDDWODUÕ ................................... 46 2-&XPKXUL\HWLQøON0XKDOHIHW3DUWLVL7HUDNNLSHUYHU&XPKXUL\HW)ÕUNDVÕ ...... 48 3-6HUEHVW&XPKXUL\HW)ÕUNDVÕ ........................................................................ 50 4-'L÷HU3DUWLOHU.............................................................................................. 53 D

(14) $KDOL&XPKXUL\HW)ÕUNDVÕ .......................................................................... 53 b) Türk Cumhuriyet Amele ve Çiftçi Partisi: .................................................. 53 F

(15) /DLN&XPKXUL\HWoLøúoLYHdLIWoL)ÕUNDVÕ .................................................... 53 &

(16) 7(.3$57ø'g1(0ø -1950).............................................................. 54 1- 1930-<ÕOODUÕ ....................................................................................... 54 2- Atatürk’ün Ölümünden Sonraki Siyasi 2UWDPYHøVPHWøQ|Q..................... 54 3-7UN6L\DVv+D\DWÕQGD0LOOLùHI'|QHPL .................................................... 56. VII.

(17) II. BÖLÜM ............................................................................................................ 66 1920-1950 YILLARI ARASINDA......................................................................... 66 7h5.ø<(%h<h.0ø//(70(&/ø6ø¶1'( ...................................................... 66 *g5(9<$3$10ø//(79(.ø//(5ø1ø1626<$/9(ø.7ø6$'Ì352)ø/ø . 66 $

(18) <$ù'8580/$5, ...................................................................................... 67 %

(19) &ø16ø<(7'85808 KADIN-ERKEK ORANI) ....................................... 70 &

(20) 0('(1ø'85809(dOCUK SAYILARI ................................................ 75 '

(21) 0(6/(.Ì'$ö,/,0 ................................................................................... 76 (

(22) (öø7ø0YH<$%$1&,'ø/%ø/0('8580/$5, ..................................... 82 )

(23) 3$5/$0(172'$+ø=0(76h5(/(5ø'(1(<ø09(<(1ø'(1 6(dø/0('85808. ........................................................................................ 86. G

(24) 0ø//(79(.ø//(5ø1ø1'2ö80<(5/(5øø/(6(dø0%g/*(/(5ø ARASINDAKøø/øù.ø ....................................................................................... 91 SONUÇ ................................................................................................................. 93 %ø%/ø<2*5$)<$. ............................................................................................... 98. VIII.

(25) KISALTMALAR. a.g.e.. $GÕJHoHQHVHU. a.g.m.. : $GÕJHoHQPDNDOH. a.g.t.. : $GÕJHoHQWH]. bkz.. %DNÕQÕ]. C.. : Cilt. CHF. &XPKXUL\HW+DON)ÕUNDVÕ. CHP. : Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi. Çev.. : Çeviren. dn.. : Dipnot. DP. : Demokrat Parti. HÜEF Dergisi. : Hacettepe Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi. Haz.. +D]ÕUOD\DQ. øh+)0HFPXDVÕ. øVWDQEXOhQLYHUVLWHVL+XNXN)DNOWHVL0HFPXDVÕ. øhø)0HFPXDVÕ. : øVWDQEXOhQLYHUVLWHVLøNWLVDW)DNOWHVL0HFPXDVÕ. s.. : Sayfa. S.. 6D\Õ. SCF. 6HUEHVW&XPKXUL\HW)ÕUNDVÕ. TBMM. : Türkiye Büyük Millet Meclisi. TPCF. : Terakkiperver &XPKXUL\HW)ÕUNDVÕ. TTK.. : Türk Tarih Kumu. Yay.. <D\ÕQODUÕ. Yay. Haz.. <D\ÕQD+D]ÕUOD\DQ. IX.

(26) *ø5øù 2VPDQOÕ 'HYOHWLQGH PRGHUQ DQODPÕ\OD VL\DVDO GúQFHQLQ RUWD\D oÕNÕúÕ GHYOHWLQ NDUúÕ. NDUúÕ\D. NDOGÕ÷Õ. \|QHOPHVLQGHQ. PHVHOHOHUL. VRQUDGÕU. JHOHQHNVHO. 2VPDQOÕ. VLVWHP. D\GÕQODUÕ. LoLQGH. o|]HPH\HUHN. NDUúÕODUÕQGDNL. E\N. EDWÕ\D. PHVHOHOHULQ. o|]PQGH NDUúÕODúÕODQ ]RUOXNODUÕQ GDKD GHULQGH \DWDQ VHEHSOHUL ROGX÷XQX YH PHYFXW. siyaVDO. \DSÕ LoLQGH o|]P EXOXQDPD\DFD÷ÕQÕ HUNHQ J|UGOHU 6LVWHP DUD\ÕúODUÕQÕQ. EDúODPDVÕGDEXQGDQVRQUDGÕU6L\DVDOVHoNLQOHULQEX\|QHOLúOHULWDELDWÕ\ODNDUúÕODUÕQGDNL JHOLúPLú |UQHNOHUH \DQL SDUODPHQWHU VLVWHPOHUH GR÷UX ROPXúWXU. 1. Nitekim.  \]\ÕOGD. t. UHIRUP KDUHNHWOHULQLQ 7DQ]LPDW¶OD ELUOLNWH EWQ DODQODUD \D\ÕOPDVÕ ED ÕOÕ ILNLUOHULQ 2VPDQOÕ EURNUDW YH D\GÕQODUÕ WDUDIÕQGDQ WDQÕQPDVÕ YH JD]HWHFLOL÷LQ JHOLúPHVL VRQXFX ¶ODUGDQ LWLEDUHQ 2VPDQOÕ GHYOHWLQGH. siyasal anlamda. ELU D\GÕQ PXKDOHIHWL KDUHNHWL. 2. RUWD\D oÕNPÕúWÕU  ¶H GR÷UX úHNLOOHQHQ YH <HQL 2VPDQOÕODU DGÕ YHU. ilen bu hareketin. |QFOHUL VD\ÕODQ ùLQDVL 1DPÕN .HPDO =L\D 3DúD YH $OL 6XDYL JLEL D\GÕQODU DUDODUÕQGD ILNLUD\UÕOÕNODUÕEXOXQPDNODEHUDEHU JHQHORODUDNGHYOHWLQNXUWXOXúXQXDQD\DVDOÕ PHúUXWv ELU \|QHWLPLQ NXUXOPDVÕQGD J|UPúOHU EX DPDoOD PHYFXW \|QHWLPH EDVÕQ DUDFÕOÕ÷Õ\OD PXKDOHIHWHWPLúOHUGLU g]HOOLNOH ÆOL YH )XDG 3DúDODUÕQ Lo YHGÕú SROLWLNDODUÕQD NDUúÕD÷ÕU HOHúWLULOHUGH EXOXQDQ EX D\GÕQ PXKDOLIOHU J|UGNOHUL EDVNÕ VRQXFX \XUGX WHUN HWPHN. lerdir.3. ]RUXQGDNDOPÕúODUYHPFDGHOHOHULQL\XUWGÕúÕQGDVUGUPú. Bu süreçte gerek Tanzimat’OD EHUDEHU JHOLúPH\H EDúOD\DQ %DWÕ WDU]ÕQGDNL H÷Ltim PHVVHVHOHULQGHQ \HWLúHQ EURNUDWODUÕQ ³VL\DVv RWRULWH´QLQ NXOODQÕPÕQGD HWNLOL ROPD. 4. LVWH÷L. , gerekse. OVPDQOÕODU WDQÕPÕúODU. \XUW GÕúÕQGD H÷LWLP J|UHQ D\GÕQODUÕQ E\N URO ROPXúWXU. $YUXSD¶GD. EXOXQGXNODUÕ. ancak bu fikirlerin. \ÕOODUGD. FXPKXUL\HWoL. YH. PLOOL\HWoL. Yeni. ILNLUOHUL. 2VPDQOÕ WRSOXPXQD GR÷UXGDQ GR÷UX\D DNWDUÕOPDVÕQÕ YH. X\JXODQPDVÕQÕ ]DUDUOÕ EXOGXNODUÕ LoLQ DQD\DVDOÕ PHúUXWL\HW ILNULQL øVODPv NLPOLNOH VDYXQPXúODUGÕU <HQL 2VPDQOÕODU D\UÕFD EURNUDVL ]HULQGH DQD\DVDO GHQHWLP VL\DVv. 1.  0 'HUYLú .ÕOÕQoND\D ³7UNL\H¶GH 6L\DVDO .DWÕOPD YH 6HoPHQOLN´ +h $WDWUN øONHOHUL YH øQNÕODS. Tarihi Enstitüsü Dergisi, I/1, (Ekim 1987), s.162.. 2. <XVXI6DUÕQD\7UN0LOOL\HWoLOL÷LQLQ7DULKL*HOLúLPLYH7UN 2FDNODUÕ . -1931)øVWDQEXO. s.36. 3.  <HQL 2VPDQOÕODU LoLQ EN] ùHULI 0DUGLQ <HQL 2VPDQOÕ 'úQFHVLQLQ 'R÷XúX øVWDQEXO  øKVDQ. Tanzimat IøVWDQEXO. 6XQJX³7DQ]LPDWYH<HQL2VPDQOÕODU´. 4. .ÕOÕQoND\DDJPV. 2..

(27) |]JUON YH PRGHUQOLN LOH JHOHQHN DUDVÕQGD L\L ELU GHQJH NXUXOPDVÕQÕ GD WDOHS. -. HWPLúOHUGLU <HQL 2VPDQOÕODUÕQ HWNLVL  .DQXQ Õ (VDVv¶QLQ LODQÕ LOH HQ VW VHYL\H\H oÕNPÕúWÕU. $

(28) %ø5ø1&ø0(ù587ø<(79(ø/.260$1/,3$5/$0(17268.  \ÕOÕQD JHOLQGL÷LQGH 2VPDQOÕ GHYOHWL GÕú ERUoODUÕQÕ |GH\HPH\HFHN GXUXPD JHOPLú 2VPDQOÕ PDOL\HVL LIODV HWWL÷LQL LODQ HWPLúWLU ¶WH %RVQD¶GD EDúOD\DQ LV\DQ ¶GD WP %DONDQODUD \D\ÕOPD\D EDúODPÕú YH $YUXSDOÕ E\N JoOHULQ NDUÕúWÕ÷Õ XOXVODUDUDVÕ ELU EXQDOÕP KDOLQL DOPÕúWÕU <LQH D\QÕ \ÕOÕQ RUWDODUÕQD GR÷UX $EGOD]L]. 5. G]HQOHQHQELUGDUEHLOHWDKWWDQLQGLULOPLú \HULQH9 0XUDWJHoLULOPLúWLU. V. Murat ruhî. EXQDOÕP YH ³FQ€Q KDOL´VHEHEL\OH oD\ VRQXQGD WDKWÕQÕ ND\EHWPLú \HULQH DQD\DVDO ELU. 6. \|QHWLPH WDUDIWDU J|UQHQ $EGOKDPLW JHoPLúWLU. Bu dönemde, bir anlamda büyük. JoOHULQ PGDKDOHOHULQLQ |QQH JHoPHN JLEL HQGLúHOHULQ GH HWNLOL ROGX÷X ELU oÕNÕú \ROX. olarak Kanun-Õ(VDVLWDVDUÕVÕQÕQKD]ÕUODQPDVÕLoLQ0LWKDW3DúD¶QÕQEDúNDQOÕ÷ÕQGD|]HOELU 7. NRPLV\RQWHúNLOHGLOPLúWLU. Bu koPLV\RQGD PHúUXWL\HW WDUDIWDUÕ ROGX÷X ELOLQHQ ]HYDW NDGDU 0HúUXWL\HWLQ 8. DOH\KLQGH RODQODU GD EXOXQPDNWD\GÕ  1LWHNLP 9 0XUDW¶ÕQ WDKWD oÕNÕúÕQGDQ EHUL LODQ HGLOPHVL GúQOHQ0HúUXWL\HWED]ÕPXKDOLIOHULQ RUWD\D oÕNPDVÕ \]QGHQELU WUOLODQ HGLOHPHPLúWL9 0XUDW¶ÕQ \HULQH WDKWD JHoHQ$EGOKDPLW GDLU V|] YHUPLúWL %X +D]ÕUODQDQ. nun üzerine. 0HúUXWL\HW WDUDI. ise0HúUXWL\HWLLODQ HGHFH÷LQH. tarODUÕ. Kanun-Õ (VDVLWDVDUÕVÕ,SDGLúDKDWDNGLP HGLOGL.. 9. oDOÕúPDODUÕQD KÕ] YHU. diler.. 7DVDUՁ]HULQGHNLWDUWÕúPDODU. 5. Stanford Shaw-Ezel Kural, 2VPDQOÕ øPSDUDWRUOX÷X YH 0RGHUQ 7UNL\H dHY 0HKPHW +DUPDQFÕ

(29)  -207; Enver Ziya Karal, 2VPDQOÕ7DULKL, VII, Ankara, TTK, Ankara 1995, s.107112. 6 Bülent Tanör, 2VPDQOÕ-7UN $QD\DVDO *HOLúLPOHUL øVWDQEXO <.<  V 6HOGH .D\D .ÕOÕo  2VPDQOÕ .DQXQ-Õ (VDVLVL¶QLQ +D]ÕUODQÕúÕ 2VPDQOÕ 9,, <HQL 7UNL\H <D\ÕQODUÕ $QNDUD 1999, s.355-360 7 0DKPXW&HODOHWWLQ3DúDMirat-Õ+DNLNDW,øVWDQEXOV-220. 8 Carter Findley, 2VPDQOÕ 'HYOHWi’nde Bürokratik Reform dHY /DWLI %R\DFÕ-ø]]HW $N\RO ø] <D\ øVWDQEXOV. øVWDQEXOV. 9. Kanun-Õ (VDVL WDVDUÕVÕ |]HO NRPLV\RQ WDUDIÕQGDQ SDGLúDKD WDNGLP HGLOGL÷LQGH $EGOKDPLW EX Hatta, sadrazam Mehmet 5úW 3DúD PHúUXWL\HW WDUDIWDUÕ ROPDGÕ÷ÕQÕ YH $YUXSD GHYOHWOHULQLQ EDVNÕVÕ ROPDVD .DQXQ-Õ (VDVL¶\H RQD\ HWPHVLQLQ PPNQ ROPDGÕ÷ÕQÕ V|\O\RUGX 1DPÕN 3DúD YH 5úW 3DúD .DQXQ-Õ (VDVL¶\H. WDVDUÕ\Õ 1DPÕN 3DúD JLELPXKDOLI RODQED]Õ HVNL GHYOHW DGDPODUÕQDJ|VWHUGL. PXKDOHIHW HWPHN \HULQH SDGLúDKÕQ JHOHFH÷L LOH LOJLOL PDGGHOHUGH SDGLúDKWDQ WDUDID WDYÕU NR\GXODU 0HVHOD³7DVDUÕQÕQEDúODQJÕFÕQGDKNPGDUÕQYD]LIHOHULQLEHOLUWHQPDGGHOHUSDGLúDKÕPÕ]ÕQNXGUHWYH úDQÕQÕ KDONÕQ J|]QGH GúUU SDGLúDKÕQ QIX] YH \HWNLVL VÕQÕUODQGÕUÕODPD]´ GL\HUHN R PDGGHOHULQ. tamDPHQ oÕNDUÕOPDVÕQÕ LVWHGL $\UÕFD WDVDUÕQÕQ VDGUD]DPOÕ÷ÕQ NDOGÕUÕOÕS EDúYHNLOOL÷LQ JHWLULOPHVL YH. 2.

(30) YHED]ÕPDGGHOHUGH\DSÕODQGH÷LúLNOLNOHU. rolü olan Tersane. devam etmekteyken, Kanun-Õ(VDVv¶QLQLODQÕQGD. .RQIHUDQVÕQÕQ WRSODQPDVÕ JQGHPH JHOGL %X NRQIHUDQV $YUXSDOÕ. E\N JoOHU WDUDIÕ. ndan 1875’de %RVQD¶GD EDúOD\DQ. LV\DQÕQ. gittikçe büyüyerek bir .10 $YUXSDOÕ. VDYDúDG|QúPHVL\OHRUWD\DoÕNDQGXUXPXG]HOWPHNDPDFÕ\ODG]HQOHQPLúWL. devletlerin bu konferansta, 2VPDQOÕ GHYOHWLQH %DONDQ PLOOHWOHUL OHKLQH ÕVODKDW \DSÕOPDVÕ NRQXVXQGD EDVNÕ \DSDFD÷Õ NHVLQGL %X RUWDPGD $YUXSDOÕ GHYOHWOHULQ PXKWHPHO UHIRUP WDOHSOHULQHNDUúÕNR\PDNPDNVDGÕ\OD |QHULOHULNÕVPHQ. 11. Kanun-Õ(VDVv]HULQGHNLWDUWÕúPDODUYHGH÷LúLNOLN. durduruldu. %XVÕUDGD6DGUD]DP0HKPHW5úW3DúDLVWLIDHWWL ve yerine. getirilGL+HPHQDUGÕQGDQ0LWKDW3DúDYHDUNDGDúODUÕQFDKD]ÕUODQDQ.DQXQ-Õ. 0LWKDW3DúD. Esasî, =LOKLFFH$UDOÕN1876 Cumartesi günü okunan bir Hatt-ÕKPD\XQODLODQ edildi.12 . $QD\DVDVÕ. WRSODP. . E|OPGHQ. YH. . PDGGHGHQ. ROXúPDNWDGÕU. AnayasaQÕQ E|OP EDúOÕNODUÕ úXQODUGÕU 0HPDOLN-i Devlet-L 2VPDQL\H 7HEDD\Õ Devlet-i Osmaniyenin Hukuk-Õ8PXPLyesi, Vükelâ-i Devlet, Memurin, Meclis-i Umumî, Heyet-i. GL÷HU YHNLOOHULQ %DúYHNLO WDUDIÕQGDQ VHoLOPHVL LOH LOJLOL KNPOHULQH LWLUD] HGHUHN VDGUD]DPOÕ÷ÕQ GHYDPÕQÕ YH YHNLOOHULQ HVNLGHQ ROGX÷X JLELSDGLúDK WDUDIÕQGDQVHoLOLS WD\LQHGLOPHVL O]XPXQDLúDUHW HWWL 2 VÕUDGD 0DEH\Q LOHULJHOHQOHULQGHQ 0LWKDW 3DúD¶\D NDUúÕRODQ QIX]OXNLPVHOHUEXQGDQLVWLIDGH HGHUHN ³9NHOD\Õ VHoPHN \HWNLVLQLQ %DúYHNLOH YHULOPHN LVWHQPHVL LGDUHQLQ GL]JLQOHULQL %DúYHNLO. olanlara verGLUPHN. PDNVDGÕQGDQ LOHUL JHOPHNWHGLU 0LWKDW 3DúD PDNDP YH PHYNL GúNQ. ROGX÷XQGDQ EX VXUHWOH %DúYHNDOHW PDNDPÕQD JHOLS LVWHGL÷L JLEL KDUHNHW HWPHN LVWL\RU´ GL\H oHúLWOL LWKDPODUOD SDGLúDKÕQ NDIDVÕQÕ NDUÕúWÕUGÕODU $QFDN 0DEH\Q LOHUL JHOHQOHULQLQ EX KDUHNHWOHUL SDGLúDKÕ NRUXPD YH\DKXW JHOHFH÷LQL WHPLQDW DOWÕQD DOPDN JLEL ELU QL\HWH GD\DOÕ GH÷LOGL %HONL PHúUXWL\HW. sisteminin her devlette geçerli olan prensiplere göre düzenlenmesiyle ve vekillerin sorumluluk HVDVÕQÕQ EHOLUOHQPHVL VRQXFX ]HULQH YD]LIHOL ROPD\DQ DGDPODUÕQ ELOKDVVD 0DEH\Q¶LQ QIX]OX NLPVHOHULQLQ GHYOHW LúOHULQH NDUÕúPDODUÕ LPNDQÕQÕQ WDPDPHQ RUWDGDQ NDONDFD÷ÕQÕ YH EXQXQ GD úDKVL QIX] YH PHQIDDWOHULQH GRNXQDFD÷ÕQÕ DQODPDODUÕQGDQ LOHUL JHOPLúWL %XQXQOD EHUDEHU VDGUD]DPÕQ ³KNPGDUÕQ YD]LIHOHULLOHLOJLOL PDGGHOHULQ WDVDUÕ\D NRQXOPDPDVÕ´ \ROXQGD DU] HWWL÷L úDKVLJ|UúOHUL NDEXO HGLOPH\LS EXQODU ³SDGLúDKÕQ KXNXNX´ EDúOÕ÷Õ DOWÕQGD D\UÕFD EHOLUWLOGL $QFDN VDGUD]DPOÕ÷ÕQ EÕUDNÕODUDN YNHOD VHoLPLQLQ ROGX÷X JLEL SDGLúDK WDUDIÕQGDQ \DSÕOPDVÕ. kabul edildi. Bunun üzerine,. WDVDUÕQÕQ YHNLOOHU WDUDIÕQGDQ LQFHOHQPHVLQH YH DUNDVÕQGDQ J|UúOPHVLQH EDúODQÕOGÕ 2 VÕUDGD \LQH 0DEH\Q LOHUL JHOHQOHUL ³0HúUXWL\HW KNPHWL LoLQGH LVWLEGDW´ WDELUL LOH WDULI HGLOHELOHFHN GúQFHOHUL SDGLúDKÕQ NLPH HPQL\HWL NDOPD]VD RQX VUJQ HWPH\H \HWNLOL EXOXQPDVÕQD GDLU NDQXQD ELU PDGGH NRQPDVÕQÕ. SDGLúDKD. NDEXO. HWWLUGLOHU. %X. GXUXP. SDGLúDKÕQ. úDKVL. RWRULWHVLQL. DODELOGL÷LQFH. NXYYHWOHQGLUL\RUGX.DQXQWDVDUÕVՁ]HULQGHNLJ|UúPHOHUVRQDHUPHNWHLNHQ0HKPHW5úW3DúD¶QÕQ LVWLIDVÕ ]HULQH 0LWKDW 3DúD LNLQFL GHID VDGUD]DPOÕ÷D JHWLULOGL %N] 0DKPXW &HODOHWWLQ DJH , V. 220-224.. 10.  $EGOD]L] G|QHPLQGH 

(31)  %RVQD¶GD EDúOD\DQ LV\DQ KDUHNHWL NÕVD VUH LoLQGH %DONDQODUÕQ GL÷HU. E|OJHOHULQHGH\D\ÕOPÕú6ÕUELVWDQYH.DUDGD÷¶ÕQLV\DQFÕODUDGHVWHNYHUPHOHUL]HULQH2VPDQOÕGHYOHWL NHQGLVLQHED÷OÕEXSUHQVOLNOHUHPGDKDOHHWPHN]RUXQGDNDOPÕúWÕU. 11.  6DGUD]DP 0HKPHW 5úW 3DúD PHúUXWL\HW WDUDIWDUÕ ROPDGÕ÷ÕQÕ YH $YUXSD GHYOHWOHULQLQ EDVNÕVÕ. olmasa Kanun-Õ(VDVL¶\HRQD\YHUPHVLQLQPPNQROPDGÕ÷ÕQÕV|\O\RUGX0DKPXW&HODOHWWLQDJH I, s. 220-221. 12 Mahmut Celalettin, a.g.e, I, s. 220-7DQ|UDJHV.ÕOÕoDJPV-360.. 3.

(32) Ayan, Heyet-i Meb'usan, Mehâkim, Divân-ÕÆOL8PXU-Õ Maliye, Vilâyât, Mevadd-ÕùLWk 1876 Kanun-Õ Esâsîsi'nin özelliNOHULQLúXúHNLOGHVÕUDODPDNPPNQGU13 

(33)  2VPDQOÕ 'HYOHWL QLQ PRQDUúLN YH WHRNUDWLN QLWHOL÷L NRUXQPXúWXU .D\QD÷ÕQÕ $OODK WDQ DODQ HJHPHQOLN 2VPDQOÕ +DQHGDQÕ QD DLW ROXS EDEDGDQ R÷XOD JHoPHNWH. dir.. 3DGLúDKÕQNLúLOL÷LNXWVDOGÕUYHVRUXPVX]GXU. 2) Meclis-i Umumî olarak adODQGÕUÕODQ 3DUODPHQWR ELUL +H\HW-L $\DQ GL÷HUL GH Heyet-L 0HE€VDQ DGÕQÕ WDúÕ\DQ LNL PHFOLVWHQ ROXúPDNWDGÕU +H\HW-L Æ\DQ ÕQ \HOHUL SDGLúDK WDUDIÕQGDQ YH |PUOHUL ER\XQFD J|UHYGH NDOPDN ]HUH DWDQDFDN +H\HW. -i. 0HE€VDQ ÕQ \HOHUL EDúND ELU GH\LúOH PLOOHWYHNLOOHUL LVH KDON WDUDIÕQGDQ LNL GHUHFHOL ELU. seçimle göreve getirilecektir. 

(34)  'HYOHW EDúNDQÕ RODQ SDGLúDK SDUODPHQWR\X WRSODQWÕ\D oD÷ÕUPD YH IHVKHWPH. yetkisine sahip olup, milletYHNLOOHULQFH. \DSÕODQ \DVD |QHULOHULQLQ J|UúOHELOPHVL. SDGLúDKÕQL]QLQHEÕUDNÕOPÕúWÕU+NPHWSDUODPHQWR\DNDUúÕGH÷LOSDGLúDKDNDUúÕVRUXPOX WXWXOPXúWXU 

(35) $QD\DVDVÕED]ÕWHPHOKDNYH|]JUONOHULWDQÕPODPÕúWÕU%XQODUDUDVÕQGD \DVDODU |QQGH HúLWOLN NLúL GRNXQXOPD]OÕ÷Õ EDVÕQ |]JUO÷ WLFDUHW VHUEHVWOL÷L GLOHNoH KDNNÕH÷LWLP|]JUO÷NDPX J|UHYOHULQHJLUHELOPHRODQD÷ÕPDOJYHQOL÷LDQJDU\DYH LúNHQFH \DVD÷Õ YHUJLOHULQ DQFDN NDQXQOD DOÕQDELOPHVL JLEL KDN YH |]JU. lükler yer. DOPÕúWÕU. yanmakODGÕU <DVDPD \HWNLVL. 

(36)  $QD\DVD J|UQúWH NXYYHWOHU D\UÕOÕ÷Õ HVDVÕQD GD. görünürde parlamentoya (Meclis-L 8PXPv

(37)  \UWPH \HWNLVL EDúWD SDGLúDK ROPDN ]HUH bir bakanlar kuruluna (Heyet-L 9NHOD

(38)  YH. \DUJÕ \HWNLVL GH ED÷ÕPVÕ] PDKNHPHOHUH. YHULOPLúWLU $QFDN KHPHQ EWQ NRQXODUGD QLKDL LUDGHQLQ SDGLúDKD DLW. olPDVÕ %DNDQODU. .XUXOXQX 3DUODPHQWR\X YH KDWWD $QD\DVDQÕQ NHQGLVLQL DGHWD IRQNVL\RQVX] EÕUDNPÕúWÕU. NiteNLP. 3DGLúDK ,, $EGOKDPLW  ùXEDW  JQ 3DUODPHQWR\X NDSDWPÕú. 14. $QD\DVD\ÕGDDVNÕ\DDOPÕúWÕU. øNL PHFOLVOL 2VPDQOÕ 'HYOHWL 3DUODPHQWRVXQX \D. ni Meclis-i Umumîyi paGLúDK dan seçilen Heyeti. WDUDIÕQGDQ VHoLOHQ +H\HWL Æ\kQ LOH HUNHN 2VPDQOÕ YDWDQGDúODUÕ WDUDIÕQ. 13. Tam metin için bkz., Suna Kili- $ùHUHI*|]E\N7UN$QD\DVD0HWLQOHUL7UNL\Høú%DQNDVÕ. .OWU<D\ÕQODUÕ$QNDUDVYG. 14.  *HQLú ELOJL LoLQ EN] 6LQD $NúLQ ³, 0HúUXWL\HWL 6RQ 9HULOPHVLQLQ 6HEHSOHUL´. Dergisi, IV/1 (1986), Ankara, s. 96-105.. 4. Hac. Ün. Ed. Fak..

(39) Mebusan (Meclisi Mebusan) meydana getiriyordu.. %X LNL KH\HW LNL D\UÕ EDúNDQ. 15. WDUDIÕQGDQ\|QHWLOL\RUGX. Heyet-L. 0HEXVDQ VHoLPOH JHOPLú LON 2VPDQOÕ PHFOLVLGLU +H\HW. -i Mebusan. D]DVÕQÕQ KHU ELULQL 2VPDQOÕODUÕQ YHNLOL LODQ HGLOPHVL 0DGGH 

(40)  SDGLúDKÕ VL\DVDO VLVWHPLQ PXWODN YH ELULFLN HJHPHQL ROPDNWDQ oÕNDUPDNWDGÕU %X PHFOLVLQ \HWNLOHUL QH NDGDU NÕVÕWOÕ VXOWDQÕQNLOHU QH NDGDU JHQLú ROX. rsa. ROVXQ KDONÕQ. temsil yoluyla devreye. JLUGL÷L ELU G]HQGH DUWÕN SDGLúDK HJHPHQOLN KDNNÕQÕQ WHN VDKLEL VD\ÕODPD] 0LOOHW DGÕ NRQPXúROPDVDELOHSDGLúDKÕQPXWODNRODQHJHPHQOLNKDNNÕQDUDNLSROPDN]HUHRUWD\D oÕNPÕúWÕU. emde bakanlar kurulunun ve parlamentonun. 3DGLúDK JHUoHNWHQ PHúUXWL ELU VLVW. VDKLS ROPDVÕ JHUHNHQ SHN oRN |QHPOL \HWNL\L NHQGLQGH DOÕNR\PXú EXQODUÕ ³SDGLúDKÕQ NXWVDO KDNODUÕ´ DODQÕQGD WXWPXúWXU $PD KH\HWOHULQ \HWNL YH oDOÕúPDODUÕQD NRQDQ EDúND VÕQÕUODU GD YDUGÕU %DNDQODU NXUXOXQXQ VHoLPL YH LúOH\LúL NRQXVXQGD WHN YH JHUoHN V|] VDKLEL RODQ KNPGDU DVOÕQGD \UWPH RUJDQÕQÕQ WD NHQGLVLGLU 0HFOLV. -i Umuminin. WRSODQPDVÕWDWLOLYHJHUHNWL÷LQGHIHVKLSDGLúDKÕQNXWVDOKDNODUÕQGDQGÕU 0DGGH

(41) . Meclis-L 8PXPL \HOHULQL SDGLúDKD ED÷ÕPOÕ NÕODQ husus da, ettikleri yeminin LoHUL÷LGLU %XQODU \DOQÕ] YDWDQD YH DQD\DVD\D GH÷LO D\QÕ ]DPDQGD SDGLúDKD VDGDNDW \HPLQL HGHUOHU +DWWD \HPLQ PHWQLQGH ³SDGLúDKD VDGDNDW´ ³YDWDQD VDGDNDW´ YH DQD\DVD. hükümlerine uyma taahhüdünden önce gelmektedir. 3DGLúDKÕQ ELU EDúND \HWNLVL GH ROD÷DQ. üstü durumlarda (örfi idare/VÕNÕ\|QHWLP), 16. |]HOG]HQOHPHOHUOHONH\L\|QHWPHKDNNÕQDVDKLSEXOXQPDVÕGÕU PDGGH

(42) . Kanun-Õ. (VDVv¶QLQ. LODQÕ. 7HUVDQH. .RQIHUDQVÕ. ]HULQGH. EHNOHQHQ. HWNL\L. \DSPDPÕúWÕU 1LWHNLP 2VPDQOÕ GHYOHWL $YUXSDOÕ JoOHULQ JQGHPH JHWLUGLNOHUL %DONDQ ÕVODKDWODUÕ WDOHELQL UHGGHWPLúWLU %XQXQ ]HULQH 5XV\D LOH 2VPDQOÕ GHYOHWL NDUúÕ NDUúÕ\D JHOPLú YH 5XV\D  1LVDQ¶GD 2VPDQOÕ GHYOHWLQH VDYDú LODQHWPLúWLU  +DUEL RODUDN GD ELOLQHQ EX VDYDú VRQXQGD 2VPDQOÕ GHYOHWL D÷ÕU ELU \HQLOJL\H X÷UDPÕúWÕU 6DYDúÕQ VRQ. -. VDIKDVÕQD JLUGL÷L G|QHPGH $EGOKDPLW LON |QFH $QD\DVD YH 0HFOLV L 0HEXVDQ¶ÕQ EDú. 15. øKVDQ(]KHUOL. Türkiye Büyük Millet Meclisi (1920-1998) ve OsmDQOÕ0HFOLVL0HEXVDQÕ-1920,. *HQLúOHWLOPLúøNLQFL%DVNÕ$QNDUDV. 16. Kili-Gözübüyük, a.g.e., s.43.. 5.

(43) PLPDUÕ RODQ 0LWKDW 3DúD¶\Õ VUJQ HWPLú  ùXEDW 

(44)  GDKD VRQUD GD 0HEXVDQ 0HFOLVL¶QLGD÷ÕWDUDN ùXEDW

(45) DQD\DVD\ÕDVNÕ\DDOPÕúWÕU. I.. ’. 0HúUXL\HW L. 3DGLúDKÕQ. WHPVLO. HWWL÷L. 17. 3DWULPRQ\DO. 2VPDQOÕ. minde,. \|QHWL. JHOHQHNVHO \DSÕQÕQ 7DQ]LPDWOD ELUOLNWH GH÷LúPH\H EDúODGÕ÷ÕQÕ V|\OHPHN PPNQGU *HOHQHNVHO 2VPDQOÕ WXWXPXQGD ©X\UXNODUª ELU DUDo RODUDN EHOLUPLúNHQ \HQL VLVWHPGH. devletin bu fonksiyonu de÷LúPLúWLU $UWÕNGHYOHWLQ HVDVJ|UHYLX\UXNODUÕQÕQ PXWOXOX÷XQX VD÷ODPDNWÕU 2VPDQOÕ UHIRUPFXODUÕ ³X\UXNODUÕQ KDNODUÕ´QÕ JDUDQWL DOWÕQD DODQ \HQL ELU G]HQLQ WHPHOOHULQL DWPÕúODUGÕU YH ³$QD\DVDO´ ELU UHMLP 7UNOHULQ WDULKLQGH LON GHI. a. WHFUEHHGLOPH\HEDúODQPÕúWÕU <HQL 2VPDQOÕODUÕQ JD\UHWOHUL\OH KD]ÕUODQDQ  .DQXQX (VDVvVL SHN oRN \|QOHUL\OH WHQNLW HGLOHELOLU ROPDVÕQD NDUúÕOÕN ELUoRN \HQL ILNLUOHULQ GR÷PDVÕQD YH VRQUDNL NXúDNODUÕQ GúQFH KDUHNHWL ]HULQGH FLGGv WHVLUOHULQ ROXúPDVÕQD ]HPLQ KD]ÕUODPÕúWÕU. 18. <HQLELUHOLWVÕQÕIÕQÕQGR÷PDVÕQGDELULQFLGHUHFHGHWHVLUOLROGX÷XLVHVRQGHUHFHDoÕNWÕU. men bir elit hareketi. %XUDGDGLNNDWLoHNHQELUKXVXVúXGXU$QD\DVD QÕQLOkQÕWDPD. sal temele dayanmaktan da mahrumdur.. ROPD |]HOOL÷L WDúÕPDNWDGÕU 'ROD\ÕVÕ\OD WRSOXP. )DNDWEXVDGHFH2VPDQOÕ|UQH÷LQHKDVELUGXUXPGH÷LOGLU6DQD\LOHúPHVLJHFLNPLúEWQ. topOXPODUÕQ RUWDN |]HOOL÷L RODUDN NDUúÕPÕ]D oÕNPDNWDGÕU %X WU WRSOXPlarda ekonomik, VL\DVv YH VRV\DO KHGHIOHULQ WHVSLWLQGH YH JHUoHNOHú. öncü bir rol üstlenmesi mecburi\HW. tirilmesinde siyasî seçkinler (=elit)'in. KDOLQH JHOPHNWHGLU ùPXOO ELU PRGHUQOHúPH. KDUHNHWLQHJLULúHQKHPHQEWQJHULNDOPÕúONHOHUGHWRSOXPVDOGD\DQDNODUÕQV|]NRQXVX HOLWOHUWDUDIÕQGDQVRQUDGDQPH\GDQDJHWLULOPHVL. neredeyse NDoÕQÕOPD]ROPDNWDGÕU19. 17. 1877- 2VPDQOÕ 5XV 6DYDúÕ KDUELQ VDIDKDWÕ VHYN YH LGDUHVL VRQXoODUÕ YH 0HFOLV-L 0HEXVDQÕQ Umdetü’l-+DND\ÕN, I-VI, Matbaa-\Õ $VNHUv øVWDQEXO  6OH\PDQ 3DúD 0XKkNHPHVL, Askerî Matbaa, I-,,, øVWDQEXO  0HKPHG Hulusi, 1LoLQ0D÷OXS2OGXN"-1877-2VPDQOÕ-Rus Seferi, Avrupa Cihetindeki Harekat6DQFDNFÕ\DQ 0DWEDDVÕ øVWDnbul, 1326 (1911); Hüseyin Raci Efendi, Tarihçe-i Vaka-L =D÷UD =D÷UD 0IWVQQ NDSDWÕOPDVÕ KDNNÕQGD D\UÕQWÕOÕ ELOJL LoLQ EN] 6OH\PDQ 3DúD. +DWÕUDODUÕ

(46) +D](UWX÷UXO']GD÷ 7HUF7HP (VHU øVWDQEXO 7DULKVL]

(47) .HoHFL]DGHø]]HW )XDG. SRQ 2VPDQOÕ 5XV Muharebesi+LQGL\H0DWEDDVÕ0ÕVÕU 

(48) :9RQ+HUEHUW3OHYQH0GDIDDVÕQGD%LUøQJLOL] =DELWLQLQ+DWÕUDODUÕdHY 1$UWDP 8OXV%DVÕPHYL$QNDUD ø+DOLO6HGHV 1877-2VPDQOÕ 5XVYH5RPHQ6DYDúODUÕ$VNHUL0DWEDD øVWDQEXO<XOX÷ 7HJLQ .XUDW³-2VPDQOÕ5XV Harbinin Sebepleri”, Belleten ;;;9, %HNLU 6ÕWNÕ %D\NDO ³ +DUEL (VQDVÕQGD 0XKWHOLI 7DYDVVXW YH 6XOK ùD\LDODUÕ YH 7HúHEEVOHUL´ Belleten, V/19, Temmuz 1941, s.351-395.; 7UN 6LODKOÕ Kuvvetleri Tarihi,,,&LOW.ÕVÕP -

(49) *HQHONXUPD\+DUS7DULKL%DúNDQOÕ÷Õ<D\$QNDUD 1978, s.475-490 18 .ÕOÕQoND\DDJPV-163. 19 .ÕOÕQoND\DDJPV-164. 3DúD .DoÕUÕODQ )ÕUVDWODU *HQ .XU %DVÕPHYL $QNDUD  $KPHG 6DLE. 6.

(50) %

(51) ø.ø1&ø0(ù587ø<(7'g1(0ø3$5/$0(172'(1(<ø0ø ,, 0HúUXWL\HW JHUoHN. manada parlamenter bir demokrasinin ülkemizde tecrübe. HGLOPH\H EDúODQGÕ÷Õ ELU GHYUHGLU *HUoL EX VUHoWH ROD÷DQVW úDUWODUGDQ GROD\Õ |QHPOL. kesintileU J|UOPú IDNDW 7UN PLOOHWL YH 7UN D\GÕQODUÕ \HQL ELU ©GR÷XúVXQ VDQFÕODUÕQÕ türmeyi. ELUOLNWH oHNHUHN ]DPDQ LoLQGH WDQÕúWÕNODUÕ \HQL NDYUDPODUÕ UHDOLWH\H G|Qú. 20. EDúDUPÕúODUGÕU. II. Abdülhamit’in Kanun-Õ (VDVv¶\L DVNÕ\D DOPDVÕQGDQ VRQUD JHUHN ømparatorluk VÕQÕUODUÕ. GÕúÕQGD. JHUHNVH. LoLQGH. 0HúUXWL\HW. WDUDIWDUÕ. JL]OL. FHPL\HWOHU. NXUXOPD÷D. EDúODPÕúWÕU %X GHQHNOHUGHQ ELUL YH HQ |QHPOLVL  GD $VNHUL 7ÕEEL\H GH NXUXODQ ø. ttihad-Õ 2VPDQî GLU .XUXFXODUÕ D\QÕ RNXOGD |÷UHQFL RODQ øVKDN 6NXWL 0HKPHW 5HúLW. AbduOODK &HYGHW øEUDKLP7HPR +VH\LQ]DGH$OLLGL21%XJL]OL|UJW3DULV WH \DúD\DQ “2VPDQOÕ. <HQL 2VPDQOÕODUOD LOLúNL\H JLUHUHN  WH LVLPOHULQL. øWWLKDW YH 7HUDNNL. Cemiyeti”RODUDNGH÷LúWLUGLOHU22  GD LVH 6HODQLN WH oR÷XQOX÷X JHQo VXED\ODU. la küçük rütbeli memurlardan ” kuruldu.23 Bu cemiyetin. “. ROXúDQLKWLOkOFLJL]OLELU|UJWRODQ 2VPDQOÕ+UUL\HW&HPL\HWL. NÕVD VUHGH %DONDQODU GD |QHPOL |OoGH WDUDIWDU WRSODPDVÕ ]HULQH. 1907'de. DQÕODQ. cemiyetin yöneticileriyle Avrupa’daki -|QWUN PXKDOHIHWL DGÕQD 'U 1D]ÕP DUDFÕOÕ÷Õ\OD sürdürülen. J|UúPHOHU VRQXFXQGD 2VPDQOÕ øWWLKDW YH 7HUDNNL &HPL\HW LOH 2VPDQOÕ. Hürriyet Cemiyeti “øWWLKDWYH7HUDNNL&HPL\HWL”DGÕDOWÕQGDELUOHúWLULOGL24 2VPDQOÕ'HYOHWLQLQKHUEDNÕPGDQVÕNÕQWÕOÕELUG|QHP\DúDGÕ÷ÕEX\ÕOODUGD5XPHOL. iyiFH NDUÕúPÕúWÕ $QDGROX¶QXQ ED]Õ NHQWOHULQGH GH VL\DVDO EDNÕPGDQ PXKDOLI hareketler J|UOPH\H EDúOÕ\RUGX %X KDUHNHWOHUH YHUJL D\DNODQPDODUÕ HNOHQGL %XQODU GDKD oRN. kelle vergisi olarak bilinen “ùDKVL 9HUJL” ve “Hayvanat-Õ (KOL\H 5VXPX´QD. NDUúÕ. ayaklanmalDU úHNOLQGH NHQGLQL J|VWHUPHNWH\GL25  \ÕOÕQGD EDúOD\DQ D\DNODQPDODU \ÕOÕQGDGDGHYDPHWWLg]HOOLNOH(U]XUXP.DVWDPRQX9DQEXúHKLUOHUDUDVÕQGD\GÕ (U]XUXP¶GDNL KDUHNHW ROGXNoD E\Pú YH DVLOHU úHKULQ GHQHWLPLQL HOOHULQH DOPÕúODU YH SDGLúDKWDQED]ÕWDYL]OHUNRSDUPÕúODUGÕ. 20 21 22 23 24 25. 26. .ÕOÕQoND\DDJPV. ve TerakkiøVWDQEXO1982, s.22.. 6LQD$NúLQ-|QWUNOHUYHøWWLKDW $NúLQDJHV. 7DUÕN=DIHU7XQD\DøWWLKDWYH7HUDNNLøVWDQEXOV 7XQD\DDJHV$NúLQDJHV. Aykut Kansu, 1908 DevrimiøOHWLúLP<D\dHY$\GD(UEDOøVWDQEXOV 26 Zafer Kars, Belgelerle 1908 Devrimi Öncesinde Anadolu.D\QDN<D\øVWDQEXOV-41.. 7.

(52) %DONDQODU. YH. |]HOOLNOH. 0DNHGRQ\D¶GD. GD. GXUXP. ROGXNoD. NDUÕúÕNWÕ. Avusturya/Macaristan øPSDUDWRUOX÷XYH5XV\D¶QÕQEXE|OJH\HPGDKDOHOHULQLQ\DQÕQGD úLPGL $YXVWXU\D QIX]XQGDQ oÕNPÕú EXOXQDQ 6ÕUELVWDQ LOH $YXVWXU\D DUDVÕQGD ELU. p, Bulgar ve Yunan komitaFÕODUÕ %DONDQODUÕ WDP ELU NDUPDúD. PFDGHOH EDúODPÕúWÕ 6ÕU. RUWDPÕQD VUNOHPLúOHUGL %DONDQODUGDNL 0VOPDQ DKDOL. bu komitaFÕODUÕQ WDDUUX]ODUÕQD. PDUX] NDOÕUNHQ 2VPDQOÕ LGDUHVL oR÷X ]DPDQ EX oHWHFLOHULQ VDOGÕUÕODUÕQÕ |QOHPHNWH. gösteriyordu.. zaaf. $YUXSDOÕ GHYOHWOHU WDUDIÕQGDQ GD KLPD\H HGLOHQ 6ÕUS %XOJDU YH <XQDQ. komitaFÕODUÕLVHúLGGHWYHYDKúHWOHULQLKHUJHoHQJQDUWÕUÕ\RUODUGÕ27 %X. DUDGD. 5XV\D. GD. J|]OHULQL. %DONDQODUD. oHYLUPLúWL. $YXVWXU\D \D. NDUúÕ. %DONDQODUGDNL 6ODYODUÕ YH |]HOOLNOH 6ÕUELVWDQ¶Õ GHVWHNOL\RUGX 'L÷HU \DQGDQ øWDO\D GD $UQDYXWOXN¶D J|] GLNPLúWL YH EX GXUXP $YXVWXU\D¶\Õ ROGXNoD UDKDWVÕ] HGL\RUGX 2VPDQOÕ 'HYOHWL ELU \DQGDQ HPSHU\DOLVW JoOHULQ %DONDQODU ]HULQGHNL HPHOOHUL YH NÕúNÕUWPDODUÕ\OD. GL÷HU. \DQGDQ. LVH. D\QÕ. FR÷UDI\DGDNL. NDUÕúÕNOÕNOD. X÷UDúPDN. GXUXPXQGD\GÕ %X DUDGD úLPGL\H NDGDU %DONDQODUD \|QHOLN DoÕNWDQ ELU SURMHVL ROPD\DQ. 28. øQJLOWHUHGHE|OJHGHNLROD\ODUDPGDKLOROGX. %X NDUÕúÕNOÕN 0DNHGRQ\D LKWLODOLQLQ]HPLQL. ni KD]ÕUODPÕúWÕ øKWLODOLQLON NÕYÕOFÕPÕ. ise RevaO J|UúPHOHUL LOH EDúODGÕ 5HYDO¶GH øQJLOL] .UDOÕ YH 5XV dDUÕ -10 haziran WDULKOHULQGH J|UúS 0DNHGRQ\D¶\Õ NHQGL DUDODUÕQGD WDNVLP HWPH NDUDUÕQD YDUPÕúODUGÕ. Bunun hem ahali hem de cemiyet üzerinde etkisi büyük oldu. 29 øWWLKDWoÕODU EXQX |QOHPHN LoLQ. de HQ L\L oDUHQLQ  $QD\DVDVÕQÕQ \HQLGHQ. \UUO÷H NRQPDVÕ \DQL PHúUXWL LGDUHQLQ NXUXOPDVÕ ROGX÷XQX GúQ\RUODUGÕ 7DP EX. 30. VÕUDGD KNPHWLQ øWWLKDW YH 7HUDNNL DOH\KLQGHNL KDUHNHWOHUL ROD\ODUÕ WÕUPDQGÕUGÕ. 6HODQLNPHUNH]NRPXWDQÕ1D]ÕP%H\GHøWWLKDWoÕODUDOH\KLQHoDOÕúPDODUÕQÕKÕ]ODQGÕUPÕúWÕ  +D]LUDQ WDULKLQGH øWWLKDW YH 7HUDNNL IHGDLOHULQLQ 1D]ÕP 3DúD¶\Õ YXUPDVÕ YH øWWLKDWoÕODUD NDUúÕ KDUHNHWOHULQ DUWPDVÕ ]HULQH (QYHU %H\. harekete geçti. Rumeli’de. EXOXQDQ ,,, 2UGX VXED\ODUÕQGDQ .ROD÷DVÕ 1L\D]L %H\ \DQÕQD DOGÕ÷Õ . -200 kadar sivil. 27.  $\UÕQWÕOÕ ELOJL LoLQ EN] 7DKVLQ 8]HU 0DNHGRQ\D¶GD (úNÕ\DOÕN YH 6RQ 2VPDQOÕ <|QHWLPL, Ankara 1987. 28 Lord Kinross, $WDWUN%LU0LOOHWLQ\HQLGHQ'R÷XúXdHY1HFGHW6DQGHUøVWDQEXO, s.58.. 29.   WDULKLQGH 5HYDO¶GH J|UúHQ øQJLOWHUH YH 5XV\D 7UNL\H QLQ WDNVLPLQH NDUDU YHUPLúOHUGLU. 0DNHGRQ\D øKWLOkOL GH EX KDEHULQ \D\ÕOPDVÕ VRQXFX ROXúDQ JHUJLQ KDYDGD \DSÕOPÕúWÕU $QFDN. ine getirdikleri de iddia edilmektedir. Aydemir, 0DNHGRQ\D¶GDQ 2UWDDV\D¶\D (QYHU 3DúD , øVWDQEXO  V  YG Tahsin Ünal, Türk Siyasî Tarihi (1700-1958), Ankara, 1977, s.378-379.. øWWLKDWoÕODUÕQ 5HYDO 0ODNDWÕQÕ DEDUWDUDN LKWLODOH EDKDQH KDO ùHYNHW 6UH\\D. 8.

(53) IHGDL\OH7HPPX]¶GH5HVQH¶GHQD\UÕOÕS³GD÷DoÕNWÕ. ” ve anayasa ilan edilmedikçe. GD÷GDQLQPH\HFH÷LQLELOGLUGL1L\D]L%H\\D\ÕQODGÕ÷ÕLKWLODOELOGLULVLQGHKNPHWL³ $QD\DVDVÕQÕ JHUL JHWLUPH\H ]RUODPDN. ” için isyan eWWL÷LQL ELOGLUL\RU KDONÕ. 1876. NHQGLVLQL. 31. GHVWHNOHPH\HoD÷ÕUÕ\RUGX. %X DUDGD (QYHU %H\ GH GD÷D oÕNPD\D NDUDU YHUPLú YH EX ROD\ KDUHNHWLQ JHQLúOHPHVLQH E\N HWNLGH EXOXQPXúWXU 5HVQHOL 1L\D]L¶QLQ 5HVQH GHQ GD÷D oÕNWÕ÷ÕQÕ. t. |÷UHQHQ (QYHU %H\ 0DQDVWÕU WDUDIÕQD JL PHVLQH JHUHN NDOPDGÕ÷ÕQÕ GúQPú YH 7LNYHú¶H\|QHOPLúWLU. 32. 6 Temmuz 1908 günü “2VPDQOÕ. 7HUDNNL YH øWWLKDW &HPL\HWL´ 0DQDVWÕU. VRNDNODUÕQGD EH\DQQDPHOHU DVDUDN DQD\DVD YH KUUL\HW. rejiminin yeniden NXUXOPDVÕQÕ. LVWHGL %XQXQ LoLQ 5XPHOL¶QLQ KHU WDUDIÕQGD KDON øVWDQEXO¶D WHOJUDIODU oHNHUHN  DQD\DVDVÕQÕQ WHNUDU \UUO÷H NRQPDVÕQÕ. istedi.33.  7HPPX]  JQ 0DQDVWÕU. +DUEL\H 0HNWHEL 0GU %LQEDúÕ 9HKLS %H\¶LQ <HQL +UUL\HW 0H\GDQÕ¶QGD YHUGL÷L V|\OHYOH øWWLKDW YH 7HUDNNL &HPL\HWL NHQGLOL÷LQGHQ PHúUXWL\H. ti ilan etti.34 Bu arada. %DEÕkOL EURNUDWODUÕ GD 0HúUXWL\HW WDUDIWDUODUÕ\OD X]ODúPD\D JLWPLú YH EXQODUD GHVWHN YHUHQ3DúDODUÕQROXúWXUGXNODUÕNRDOLV\RQ. biçimde- “Anayasa´\Õ yeniden. -bir EDNÕPDEXGHIDWRSOXPVDOGHVWHNGHEXOPXú. LOkQ HWWLUPH\L EDúDUGÕ YH ³. Meclis-i Umûmi” olarak. Meclis-i Mebusan” ve “Meclis-i Âyân”dan meydana gelen “parlamenter. DGODQGÕUÕODQ ³. 0HúUXWv0RQDUúL. ” dönemi yeniden EDúODPÕúROGX35. ¶GHQLWLEDUHQEDúOD\DQ. yeni G|QHPLQHQE\N|]HOOL÷LKHU\|Q\OHHúLQHD]. UDVWODQÕUELUKDUHNHWOLOLNG|QHPLROXúXGXU2VPDQOÕ'HYOHWLKHPLoúDUWODUÕKHPGHGQ\D NRQMRQNWU LoHULVLQGH WDULKLQLQ EHONL GH HQ KÕ]OÕ JHOLúPHOHULQL \DúDPÕúWÕU %LU WDUDIWDQ NHQGL LoHULVLQGHNL VL\DVv LNWLVDGv ILNUL YH DVNHUL KDGLVHOHUOH GL÷HU WDUDIWDQ LVH. “Düvel-i. Muazzama”QÕQ NHQGLVL KDNNÕQGD DVÕUODUGÕU GúQG÷ DQFDN JHOLúHQ KDGLVHOHUH ED÷OÕ 30. Zekeriya Türkmen, 2VPDQOÕ0HúUXWL\HWLQGH2UGX6L\DVHWdDWÕúPDVÕøVWDQEXOV-16. Resneli Niyazi, %DONDQODUGD%LU*HULOODFÕdD÷GDú<D\øVWDQEXOV-94 32 Aydemir, a.g.e., s.534., 6OH\PDQ.RFDEDú-|Q7UNOHU1HUHGH<DQÕOGÕ9DWDQ<D\øVWDQEXO s.167. 33 )DKLU$UPDR÷OXSiyasi Tarih (1789-1960), Ankara 1973, s.307-308. 31. 34 35. $UPDR÷OXDJHV. “$QFDN 0L]DQFÕ 0XUDW %H\ LQ ©KDPLO-i hükümet aslen ve hakikaten efrad-Õ PLOOHWWHQ  ROGX÷X için) vezaif-i mütekabileye riâ\HW ROXQPDVÕQÕ KDONWDQ WDOHS HGHELOLUª ELoLPLQGH DQODWWÕ÷Õ ©0HúUXWv. +NPHWª LoLQ GDKD HSH\FH EHNOHPHN LFkE HGHFHNWLU =LUD oRN NÕVD |PUO RODQ EX ©SDUODPHQWHU. durulacak ve bundan sonra, «Anayasa romantizmi» ile harekete gecen ”. PRQDUúLª  0DUWÕQGD GXU. 2VPDQOÕ VHoNLQOHUL  GH .DQXQX (VDVv QLQ \HQLGHQ \UUO÷H NRQXOPDVÕQÕ VD÷OD\DFDNODUGÕU .ÕOÕQoND\D. , a.g.m., s.166.. 9.

(54) RODUDN GDKD EHOLUJLQ ELU úHNLOGH LFUDDWD JHoLUGL÷L SODQODUOD X÷UDúPDN ]RUXQGD NDOPÕúWÕU 2VPDQOÕ KNPHWL D\GÕQÕ RUGXVX YV NDIDVÕ NDUÕúÕN \DOQÕ] YH JoV] ELU KDOGHGLU. HerkeVJFYHJ|UúRUDQÕQGDGHYOHWLNXUWDUPD\DoDUHDUDPDNWDGÕU%D]ÕODUÕEXQXILNUL DODQGD ED]ÕODUÕ LVH LFUDDWD G|NHUHN \DSPD JD\UHWLQGHGLU øoHUGHNL NDUÕúÕNOÕN ELU oRN JUXEXQ ROXúPDVÕQD VHEHS ROPXú NDUúÕOÕNOÕ oHNLúPH\L VXLNDVWODUÕ KNPHW GDUEHOHULQL SDUWLFLOL÷LYVEHUDEHULQGHJHWLUPLúWLU 0HúUXWL\HWL LODQ HGHQ øWWLKDWoÕODUÕQ KNPHWLQ LúOHULQH NDUÕúPDVÕ ELU oRN E\N WHSNLOHUH\RODoWÕ%XGXUXPøWWLKDWYH7HUDNNL \HNDUúÕRODQPXKDOHIHWLKDUHNHWHJHoLUGL $\UÕFD0HúUXWL\HWLQLODQՁ]HULQH. birçok Jön Türkler GHPHPOHNHWHG|QPúOHUGL*HUHN. øWWLKDW YH 7HUDNNL \H PXKDOLI RODUDN JHUHN GHPRNUDWLN G]HQLQ VRQXFX RODUDN øWWLKDW YH. -. 7HUDNNL QLQ NDUúÕVÕQGDELUWDNÕPSDUWLOHU RUWD\D oÕNWÕ%XQODU DUDVÕQGD)HGHNDUDQ Õ 0LOOHW &HPL\HWL 2VPDQOÕ $KUDU )ÕUNDVÕ 2VPDQOÕ 'HPRNUDW )ÕUNDVÕ YH NXUXFXODUÕ DUDVÕQGD ELUoRNKDFÕKRFDYHúH\KL. le Said-L.UGLøEQL0LU]DYH'HUYLú9DKGHWL QLQGH\HUDOGÕ÷Õ 36. -. øWWLKDG Õ0XKDPPHGL)ÕUNDVÕEXOXQPDNWD\GÕ. %X PXKDOLIOHUGHQ 'HUYLú 9DKGHWL YH RQXQ 9RONDQ JD]HWHVL  0DUW YDNDVÕQÕQ. 37. RUWD\D oÕNPDVÕQGD HQ E\N URO R\QDGÕ.  ,, 0HúUXWL\HWOH EHUDEHU EDúOD\DQ KUUL\HW. UHMLPL LON JQGHQ LWLEDUHQ øWWLKDW YH 7HUDNNL LOH PXKDOHIHW DUDVÕQGD ELU PFDGHOH RUWD\D oÕNWÕ YH EX PFDGHOH JLWWLNoH úLGGHWOHQGL %X VL\DVDO PFDGHOHOHULQGH GLQFLOHUGH ø. ttihat. YH 7HUDNNL DOH\KLQGH NDPSDQ\D EDúODWPÕúODUGÕ 'HUYLú 9DKGHWL QLQ 9RONDQ JD]HWHVL JHULFLOHULQ \D\ÕQ RUJDQÕ LGL 'LQ YH úHULDW SURSDJDQGDVÕQÕ |]HOOLNOH DVNHU DUDVÕQGD \DSPD\D oDOÕúÕ\RUGX 1LWHNLP PDUW VRQODUÕQGD øVWDQEXO GDNL ED]Õ ELUOLNOHUGH DVNHUOHU DUDVÕQGD. oDUSÕúPDODU. görülüyordu. . ROGX. %X. NDUÕúÕNOÕNODU. JHQHOOLNOH. $YFÕ. WDEXUODUÕ. DUDVÕQGD. 38. 0DUW 2OD\Õ. øVWDQEXO D. JHWLULOPLú. RODQ. $YFÕ. 7DEXUODUÕQGDNL. DVNHUOHULQ. D\DNODQPDVÕ\OD EDúODGÕ øON D\DNODQDQ +DPGL dDYXú NRPXWDVÕQGDNL 7DúNÕúOD¶GDNL  $YFÕ. 7DEXUX. ROGX. 0LOOHWYHNLOOHULQGHQ. $VNHUOHU. $KPHW. +VH\LQ. 5Õ]D. +LOPL. +VH\LQ. 3DúD. &DKLW. NDELQHVLQLQ. 5DKPL. YH. D]OHGLOPHVL. 7DODW. %H\OHULQ. ’. X]DNODúWÕUÕOPDVÕ úHU L KNPOHULQ QRNVDQVÕ] X\JXODQPDVÕ $OD\ODUGDQ DoÕ÷D oÕNDUÕODUDN. 36. -. -. 37 38. -i.  7UNPHQ DJH V øWWLKDG Õ 0XKDPPHGL ³%WQ /LYD L 0XKDPPHGL DOWÕQGD EXOXQDQ DOHP. øVODPL\HW¶LWDDUUX]GDQVL\DQHWH\OHPHN´DPDFÕJG\RUGX$UPDR÷OXDJHV. -310. Tevfik Çavdar, Türk Demokrasi Tarihi (1839-1950)øPJH<D\$QNDUDV Türkmen, a.g.e., s.20-21. 10.

(55) PD÷GXU HGLOHQOHULQ LúOHULQH \HQLGHQ DOÕQPDODUÕ YH GDYUDQÕúODUÕQGDQ |WU KLoELU QHIHULQ. 39. NÕOÕQDGRNXQXOPDPDVÕQÕLVWL\RUODUGÕ.  1LVDQ  JHFHVL øVWDQEXO GDNL $YFÕ 7DEXUX DVNHUOHUL VXED\ODUÕQÕ KDSVHGLS +DPGL. dDYXú. DGOÕ. ELU. JHULFLQLQ. |QGHUOL÷LQGH. D\DNODQGÕODU. %XQODU. 6XOWDQDKPHW. !. 0H\GDQÕ QGD WRSODQÕS ³ùHULDW øVWHUL] ´ GL\H ED÷ÕUÕ\RUODU YH KDYD\D DWHú HGL\RUODUGÕ $\UÕFD D\DNODQPD GRQDQPD\D GD VLUD\HW HGHUHN DVNHUOHU .DEXOL %H\ LVPLQGHNL. kXPDQGDQODUÕ JHPL VYDULVLQL NDUD\D oÕNDUDraN <ÕOGÕ] VDUD\ÕQD J|WU\RUODU YH RUDGD KQNDUÕQJ|]|QQGH|OGUHFHNNDGDULOHULJLGL\RUODUGÕ$\DNODQDQODUKHUWDUDIWDYHKHU NÕWDGD PHNWHSOL VXED\ODU DUÕ\RU YH RQODUÕ |OGUPH\H oDOÕúÕ\RUODUGÕ EX GXUXP NDUúÕVÕQGD KNPHW YH LGDUHQLQ LVH DFL] NDOGÕ÷Õ KHU KDONDUGD RUWDGD\GÕ +DUHNHW GLQ YH 3DGLúDK. 40. DGÕQDROGX÷XJLELPHNWHSOLVXED\ODUDOH\KLQHGHJHOLúPLúWL. øV\DQÕ EDVWÕUPDN ]HUH 6HODQLN YH (GLUQH GHNL NXYYHWOHU øVWDQEXO D JHWLULOGL. “Hareket Ordusu´ DGÕ YHULOHQ EX NXYYHWOHUL 0DKPXW ùHYNHW 3DúDQÕQ NXPDQGD HWPHVL 41. Hareket ordusunun Erkan-Õ +DUEL\H 5HLVOL÷LQH LVH .ROD÷DVÕ 0XVWDID. NDUDUODúWÕUÕOGÕ. 42. Kemal getirildi..   1LVDQ  GD øVWDQEXO D JHOHQ KDUHNHW RUGXVX o. gün içinde. 43. D\DNODQPD\ÕEDVWÕUGÕ. øWWLKDW YH 7HUDNNL EX ROD\GDQ VRQUD ,, $EGOKDPLW L WDKWWDQ LQGLUPH\L JHUHNOL. gördü. 27 Nisan 1909 'da tahttan indirip \HULQH  \DúÕQGDNL NDUGHúL 0HKPHW 5HúDW 9 44. 0HKPHW DGÕ LOH SDGLúDK ROGX.  %XQGDQ VRQUD  GD DQD\DVDGD GH÷LúLNOLNOHU \DSÕODUDN. SDUODPHQWHU ELU UHMLPH JHoLOGL %X GH÷LúLNOLNOH \UWPH RUJDQÕQÕQ EDúÕ RODQ KNPGDUÕQ \HWNLOHUL. VÕQÕUODQGÕUÕOGÕ. <DVDPD. RUJDQÕQÕQ. ED÷ÕPVÕ]OÕ÷Õ. NDEXO. HGLOHUHN. \HWNLOHUL. JHQLúOHWLOGL. -. 'L÷HU WDUDIWDQ GYHO L PXD]]DPDQÕQ 2VPDQOÕ ]HULQGHNL KDUHNHWOHUL GH GHYOHWL ROGXNoD E\N VÕNÕQWÕODUD VRNPXúWXU (\OO ¶GH 7UDEOXVJDUS LúJDO HGLOPLú 2VPDQOÕ. Hükümeti gerekli olan mukavemeti. J|VWHUHPHPLúWLU%XDUDGDJHOLúHQøWWLKDW YH 7HUDNNL. NDUúÕWÕ KDUHNHW GH ELU VUH LNWLGDUD KDNLP 0D\ÕV 

(56)  ROVD GD EDúDUÕOÕ RODPDPÕúWÕU %DONDQ GHYOHWOHUL DUDVÕQGD EDúOD\DQ KDUHNHWOLOLN EX G|QHPGH KDG VDIKD\D XODúPÕú. 39 40 41. Çavdar, a.g.e., s.110 vd. øV\DQÕQJHOLúLPLYHVDIKDODUÕKDNNÕQGDD\UÕQWÕOÕELOJLLoLQEN]7UNPHQDJHVYG  .D]ÕP .DUDEHNLU øWWLKDW YH 7HUDNNL &HPL\HWL 1HGHQ .XUXOGX" 1DVÕO .XUXOGX" 1DVÕO øGDUH. Olundu?, Haz. Faruk-(PHOg]HUHQJLOøVWDQEXOV 42 Kinross, a.g.e., s.68. 43 Türkmen, a.g.e., s.81 vd. 44 $UPDR÷OXDJHV-311. 11.

(57) øWDO\DQODUOD PXDKHGH LP]DODQDUDN 7UDEOXVJDUS RQODUD WHUNHGLOPLú YH DUGÕQGDQ EDúOD\DQ %DONDQ 6DYDúODUÕQGD 2VPDQOÕ 'HYOHWL oRN DFÕ YH RQXU NÕUÕFÕ PD÷OXEL\HWOHU DOPÕúWÕU %X G|QHP GH øWWLKDWoÕODUÕQ NDUúÕ GDUEHVL\OH VRQD HUGLULOPLú YH 0DKPXW ùHYNHW 3DúDQÕQ VDGDUHWL\OHJHUoHNøWWLKDWYH7HUDNNLLNWLGDUÕEDúODPÕúWÕU 2FDN

(58) øWWLKDWoÕODU LNWLGDUÕ WDP RODUDN HOH JHoLUGLNOHUL EX G|QHPGH LON RODUDN DQD\DVD GH÷LúLNOL÷LQH JLWWLOHUYH¶GD6XOWDQD \HQL \HWNLOHU YHULOGLYH 3DUODPHQWR. üzerinde çok güçlü bir hale getirildi. Parlamentoyu. WRSODPDVUHVLQLX]DWPDYHGD÷ÕWPD. yetkileri arWÕN WDPDPHQ 6XOWDQÕQ GROD\ÕVÕ LOH GH øWWLKDWoÕODUÕQ HOLQGH\GL  VHoLP \ÕOÕ ROPDVÕQD UD÷PHQ VHoLPOHU VDYDú QHGHQL LOH \DSÕOPDGÕ $UDOÕN ¶GD LVH 2VPDQOÕ G|QHPLQLQ VRQ VHoLPOHUL \DSÕOGÕ %X G|QHPLQ SDUODPHQWRVX øVWDQEXO XQ LúJDOL QHGHQL\OH NDSDQGÕ YH 6XOWDQ WDUDIÕQGDQ  1LVDQ  GH GD÷ÕWÕOGÕ  JQ VRQUD LVH $QNDUD GD. d. 45. 7UNL\H%\N0LOOHW0HFOLVLoDOÕúPDODUÕQDEDúOD Õ. C

(59) 260$1/,0(&/ø6/(5ø9(*(1(/g=(//ø./(5ø  GDQ  H NDGDU \DSÕODQ DOWÕ. seçimden ilk ikisi 1876-. \ÕOODUÕQGD. \DSÕOPÕú ROPDVÕQD UD÷PHQ WDP ELU VHoLP QLWHOL÷L WDúÕPD] 'L÷HU WDUDIWDQ PHFOLVLQ  GDNL ÕUNODU KDOLWDVÕ KDOLQGHNL J|UQP ELU JHUoH÷L RUWD\D oÕNDUPÕúWÕU NL R GD |]HOOLNOH +ÕULVWL\DQ WRSOXOXNODUÕQ VL\DVDO WHFUEH EDNÕPÕQGDQ 0VOPDQODUGDQ GDKD. üstün oldukODUÕGÕU.  GHQ VRQUD GD 0HFOLVLQ EX \DSÕVÕ SHN E\N ELU GH÷LúPH. J|VWHUPHPLúWLU 7UNOHU 3DUODPHQWDUL]P WHFUEHOHUL ROPDGÕ÷ÕQGDQ  GHQ LWLEDUHQ \HJkQH VL\DVDO NXUXOXú RODUDN WDQÕGÕNODUÕ øWWLKDW YH 7HUDNNL &HPL\HWL QLQ HWUDIÕQGD WRSODQPD oDEDVÕQD JLUPLúOHUGLU +DWWD GHQLOHELOLU NL. øWWLKDW YH 7HUDNNL 2VPDQOÕ. EWQO÷Q WHPVLO HWPHNWHGLU &HPL\HW E\N ELU KH\HFDQ \DUDWPÕú ROPDVÕQD UD÷PHQ. tirmekten ziyade, günlük. VRV\DO YH HNRQRPLN ELU WRSOXP NDONÕQPDVÕ PRGHOL JH. 46. HQGLúHOHUOHKDUHNHWHWWL÷LQGHQN|NOGH÷LúPHOHU\DUDWDPDPÕúWÕU. ,, 0HúUXWL\HWLQ LOkQÕQGDQ VRQUD LON SDUODPHQWR VHoLPOHUL 2VPDQOÕ GHYOHWL LoLQGHNL oHúLWOL PLOOHWOHULQ ELU VL\DVDO PFkGHOH J|VWHULVLQH VHEHS ROPXúWXU 6HoLPOHU. “Cemiyet-i Mukaddese” KDYDVÕ LoLQGHNL øWWLKDW YH 7HUDNNL WDUDIÕQGDQ ND]DQÕOPÕúWÕU %X ELULNLP NDUúÕVÕQGD PXKDOHIHW IÕUNDODUÕ ELU úH\ \DSDPDPÕúWÕU 6HoLP PFkGHOHVL VÕUDVÕQGD. 45. Ahmet N. Yücekök, 6L\DVHW6RV\RORMLVL$oÕVÕQGDQ7UNL\H¶GH3Drlamentonun Evrimi, Ankara, 1983, s.86.. 46. .ÕOÕQoND\DDJPV. 12.

(60) øWWLKDWYH7HUDNNLQLQHQE\N]RUOX÷XKHUVHoLPE|OJH. sinde kendi zihniyetine ve siyasal. J|UúOHULQH X\JXQ DGD\ EXOPDN ROPXúWXU =LUD øWWLKDW YH 7HUDNNL KHQ] PHPOHNHWLQ. büyük bölümünde temel destekten mahrum bulunuyordu ve bu sebeple mahallî olarak JoO HúUDI YH D\DQ WHPVLOFLOHULQLQ \HULQH ELUoRN \HUGH XOHPD WHPVLOFLOHULQL \DQPD DOPD\D oDOÕúPÕúWÕ. r. Seçimlerden sonUD. LVH &HPL\HW JL]OLOLNWHQ NXUWXOXS WHúNLOkWÕQÕ. PHPOHNHWH \D\PDN oDEDVÕQD JLUPLúWLU .XOSOHU YDVÕWDVÕ\OD KDONÕQ øWWLKDW YH 7HUDNNL OH. -. KLQH ND]DQÕOPDVÕ DPDoODQÕUNHQ D\QÕ ]DPDQGD 7UNOHU LoLQ ELU VL\DVv SDUWL KYL\HWLQL. alarak, siyasal -NDWÕOÕPÕQ. JHQLúOHPHVLQH ]HPLQ KD]ÕUODQPÕúWÕU /LYD ND]D QDKL\H. PHUNH]OHUL\OH NDU\HOHUGH ELUHU NXOS DoÕOPDVÕ YH EXQODUÕQ IDDOL\HWOHULQLQ EX VDIKDGD |QHPOL ELU DGÕP ROGX÷X V|\OHQHELOLU $QFDN &HPL\HWLQ NXOSOHUGHNL IDDOL\HWOHULQH D\GÕQODUÕQGÕúÕQGDNL0VOPDQKDONÕQSHNUD÷EHWJ|VWHUGL÷LV|\OHQH. mez.47. %X JHQHO PWDODDGDQ VRQUD 2VPDQOÕ 'HYOHWLQGH ¶GDQ LWLEDUHQ \DSÕODQ VHoLPOHUH D\UÕ D\UÕ. EDNDELOLUL]. Kanun-L. (VDVL¶QLQ KD]ÕUODQÕúÕQGD. VHoLP NDQXQX. KD]ÕUODQPD\ÕSPHEXVODUPHFOLVLQHEÕUDNÕOPÕúWÕ<DSÕODQJ|UúPHOHUQHWLFHVLQGH. -. 0HEXVDQ ÕQ PLNGDU Õ D]DVÕ WHEDD \Õ 2VPDQL\H GHQ KHU  QI€V ROPDN LWLEDUÕ\OD WHUWLE ROXQXU´ YH ³HPU. “Heyet-i. -u zükûrda bir nefer. -i intihab rey-i hâfî kaidesi üzerine müessistir.. Suret-L LFUDVÕ ELU NDQXQ-u mahsûs ile tâyin olunacDNGÕU´ LIDGHOHUL\OH PHPOHNHtimizde, GHPRNUDWLN PDQDVÕ\OD VHoPHQ ³PQWHKLE´ YH ³VH. çim=inWLKDEDW´. NDYUDPÕ LON GHID. -. JQGHPH JLUPLúWLU .DQXQ X (VDVLQLQ kPLU KNPQH NDUúÕOÕN KHQ] ELU VHFLP NDQXQX PHYFXW ROPDGÕ÷ÕQGDQ \DSÕODFDN VHoLPOHUH KXNXNv GD\DQDN WHúN. il etmek üzere bir. “Talimat-Õ 0XYDNNDWH´ oÕNDUÕOPÕú VHoLPOHULQ QDVÕO \DSÕODFD÷Õ YH VHoPHQOHULQ YDVÕIODUÕ ]HULQGH DoÕNODPDODU EHOLUWLOPLúWLU 0DPDILK EXQXQOD GD \HWLQLOPH\HUHN øVWDQEXO YH. -. FLYDUÕQGD ³LQWLKkE Õ 0HEXVDQ´ LoLQ JHUHNOL J|UOHQ DoÕNODPDODUÕQ. yer. DOGÕ÷Õ ELU. -. ³0HEXVODUÕQ 6XUHW L øQWLKDEÕQD 'DLU %H\DQQDPH´ oÕNDUÕOPDN VXUHWL\OH ³LNL GHUHFHOL RODUDN´ \DSÕODFDN VHoLPOHUGH ³UH\´ NXOODQDFDN RODQODUÕQ WHVSLWL YH ³UH\´LQ QDVÕO NXOODQÕODFD÷Õ. \ROXQGD. WHIHUUXDWOÕ. “müntehib-i evvel”, “müntehib-L úHNLOGH\GL. 47 48. ELOJLOHU. .ÕOÕQoND\DDJPV. DOPÕúWÕU. %HOLUWLOHQ. KXVXVODUD. göre. VDQv´ YH ³PHEXV´ ROPDN LoLQ JHUHNOL úDUWODU úX. 48. .ÕOÕQoND\DDJPV. \HU. -172. -167.. 13.

(61) Müntehib-i Evvel olmak için. Müntehib-i Sani olmak için. 

(62) 2VPDQOÕYDWDQGDúÕROPDN. $\QÕ. 2) Erkek olmak. $\QÕ. 

(63) <DúÕQÕJHoPLúROPDN. $\QÕ. 

(64) (POkNHPXWDVDUUÕI. $\QÕ. 0HEXV2OPDNøoLQ $\QÕ $\QÕ $\QÕ. Az çok emlâk sahibi olmak. 5) Muvazzaf nizamiye askeri, Jandarma YH\D=DEÕWDNXYYHWOHULQGHQLVHHQD] 0Ok]ÕPUW. Muvazzaf memur ise seçilmeyi kabul etti÷LWDNGLUGHLVWLIDHWPHN. $\QÕ. besinde bulunmak. Cünha ve &LQD\HWLúOHPHPLúROPDN. ç. -. $QODúÕODFD÷Õ JLEL VH LPOHU JHQHO ELU QLWHOLN WDúÕPDPDNWDGÕU =LUD HUNHN NDGÕQ EWQYDWDQGDúODUÕQR\NXOODQD. bilecekleri bir secim yerine sadece erkeklerin bir NÕVPÕQÕQ. R\ NXOODQGÕNODUÕ ELU VHoLP V|] NRQXVXGXU $\UÕFD  GD \DSÕODQ VHoLPOHU KDNNÕQGD úXQXGDEHOLUWPHNWHID\GDYDUGÕUøVWDQEXOGÕúÕQGD\DSÕODQVHoLPOHUGH]DPDQÕQD]OÕ÷ÕQGDQ. doOD\Õ. ³. bu senelik..´ ROPDN ND\GÕ\OD 0HEXV. VHoLPLQL ³KDON WDUDIÕQGDQ VHoLOPLú. ROGXNODUÕ LoLQ ³9LOk\HW øGDUH 0HFOLVL $]DODUÕ´ \DSPÕúODUGÕU 0HFOLV. ”. -i Umumînin bir an. önce toplanmDVÕ NDUDUODúWÕUÕOPÕú EXOXQGX÷X LoLQ E|\OH ELU \ROD JLGLOPLúWL øVWDQEXO LoLQ Beyanname” LOH VHoLPOHU \DSÕOPÕú YH  GH DoÕODQ 0HFOLV-i Umumî bir. oÕNDUÕODQ ³. 49. VHQH\LEXOPDGDQ0DUWÕQGDNDSDWÕOPÕúWÕU 6HoLPOHULQ. VRQXFXQGD. WHúHNNO. HGHQ. PHFOLVWH. YHNLOOHULQLQ. 2VPDQOÕ. YDWDQGDúODUÕQD RUDQÕQD EDNÕOGÕ÷ÕQGD JD\UÕ 0VOLPOHULQ VD\Õ LWLEDUL\OH GDKD DYDQWDMOÕ GXUXPGDROGX÷XJ|UOUELQ¶HELUYHNLOVLVWHPLúXúHNLOGHJHUoHNOHúPLúWLU. 13 0VOPDQ HUNH÷LQH  YHNLO  +ÕULVWL\DQ HUNH÷H  vekil; 18.750 <DKXGL HUNH÷H  YHNLO RODUDN QHWLFHOHQPLúWLU %|\OHFH PHFOLVWH  0VOPDQ  +ÕULVWL\DQYH<DKXGLYHNLO\HUDOPÕúWÕU. 50. %XQODUÕQ GÕúÕQGD 3DGLúDK GD ¶L 0VOPDQ RODQ. ve.  NLúLGHQ ROXúDQ $\DQ. 0HFOLVLQLVHoPLúWLU $\DQ YH 0HEXVDQ 0HFOLVOHULQLQ VHoLPOHULQLQ WDPDPODQPDVÕQGDQ VRQUD 8PXPL 0HFOLV0DUWWDULKLQGH'ROPDEDKoH6DUD\Õ¶QÕQNDEXOVDORQXQGDDoÕOGÕ6DLG3DúD WDUDIÕQGDQRNXQDQ3DGLúDKÕQQXWNXLOH0HFOLVUHVPHQJ|UHYLQHEDúODPÕúROGX 0HúUXWL\|QHWLPHJHoLúWHJHUHN.DQXQL(VDVLJHUHNVHVHoLPVLVWHPLQLQHOHúWLULOHQ \|QOHUL ROPXúWXU $QFDN R JQQ GQ\D úDUWODUÕ J|] |QQH DOÕQGÕ÷ÕQGD oR. 49 50. .ÕOÕQoND\DDJPV. Shaw-Kural, a.g.e.., II., s. 228.. 14. k önemli bir.

(65) JHOLúPH ROGX÷X RUWD\D oÕNPDNWDGÕU. Çünkü parlamenter sisteme belki dünyada ilk defa. JHoLOPL\RUGX $QFDN 2VPDQOÕ 'HYOHWL JLEL GLQL NOWUHO ÕUNL YV IDUNOÕ RODQ XQVXUODUÕQ WHPVLOFLOHULQGHQ WHúHNNO HWPLú EXOXQDQ ELU PHFOLVLQ GH GQ\D GD |UQH÷L \RNWX %X DoÕGDQ EDNÕOGÕ÷ÕQGD LON 2VPDQOÕ PHFOLVLQLQ JQP]GHNL ELUoRN SDUODPHQWRGDQ JHUL ROPDGÕ÷ÕDoÕNWÕU *HQHO ROGXNODUÕQGDQ. RODUDN. PHEXVODU. genellikle memleket. YLOD\HWOHULQ HúUDIÕQG. PHFOLV. \HOHUL. DUDVÕQGDQ. VHoLOPLú. anROXúDQYDUOÕNOÕYHNOWUO kimseler idiler.. 0H\GDQD JHWLUGLNOHUL PHFOLV ³WDULKLQ HQ E\N GHPRNUDWLN WHFUEHVLQL WHúNLO HWPHNWH´ RODQPHFOLVWLhoNÕWD]HULQGHX]DQDQWRSUDNODUGD\DúD\DQPXKWHOLIGLQPH]KHSÕUNYH. 51. WRSOXOXNODUÕQWHPVLOFLOHULLONGHIDELUPHFOLVWHELUDUD\DJHOL\RUODUGÕ. 2VPDQOÕQÕQEXLONYHUHQNOLPHFOLVLQRUPDOVUHVLQGHoDOÕúPDODUÕQÕWDPDPOD\DUDN  +D]LUDQ ¶GH GD÷ÕOGÕ %X PHFOLVLQ \DSDFD÷Õ LúOHULQ ELULVL GH VHoLP NDQXQXQX KD]ÕUODPDNWÕ $QFDN  +DUEL PHFOLVLQ oDOÕúPDODUÕQÕ ROXPVX] \|QGH HWNLOHPLú EXQD. rD÷PHQVDYDúÕQEDVNÕVÕDOWÕQGDGHIDWRSODQDUDNoDOÕúPDODUÕQÕWDPDPODGÕ.52 %LULQFL PHFOLVLQ GD÷ÕOPDVÕQGDQ VRQUD D\QÕ XVXOOHUOH \HQLGHQ VHoLP \DSÕOGÕ. Birinci Meclis’in ikinci devresi de denilen bu Meclis  $UDOÕN  WDULKLQGH 38 Meclis-i Ayan ve 96 Mebusan üyesiyle ¶VÕ0VOPDQ

(66) DoÕOGÕ$oÕú QXWNXQGD SDGLúDK “Kanun-X. (VDVL¶QLQ oRN PNHPPHO VXUHWWH LúOHPHVL YH WHVLU \DSPDVÕ GHYOHWLPL]LQ. VHODPHWLLoLQWHNoDUHGLU.DQXQYHVL\DVHWPHVHOHOHULQGHJHUoH÷LEXOPDNYHPHPOHNHWLQ. 53. oÕNDUÕQÕ VD÷ODPDN PHEXVODUÕQ KUUL\HW LOH ILNLUOHULQL ELOGLUPHOHULQH ED÷OÕGÕU´. diyerek. PHEXVODUÕQKULUDGHOHULQLQ|QHPLQHGLNNDWoHNPLúWLU  +DUELQLQ FHUH\DQ HWWL÷L ELU RUWDPGD oDOÕúPDODUÕQD EDúOD\DQ PHFOLVLQ \DSWÕ÷Õ |QHPOL LúOHUGHQ ELULVL VHoLP NDQXQX\GX. Çünkü  \ÕO VRQUD

(67)  Veçilecek olan vekiller bu. seçim kanununa göre seçileceklerdi.  GH 0HFOLV -|QWUN LKWLOkOLQLQ XPXW GROX KDYDVÕ LoLQGH R \ÕOÕQ $UDOÕN D\ÕQGD WRSODQGÕ. 54.   $QD\DVDVÕQÕQ \HQLGHQ \UUO÷H NRQXOPDVÕ YH \HQL ELU PHFOLVLQ. 51. Karal, a.g.e., VIII, s. 230-233.; Bernard Lewis, ModeUQ7UNL\H QLQ'R÷XúX, Ankara 1984, s.375. -1950”, 7DULK'Q\DVÕ'HUJLVL, I/5-øVWDQEXO 1950, s. 180. 53 Karal, a.g.e., VIII, s. 238. 54  +DONÕQ 0HúUXWL\HW¶WHQ EHNOHQWLOHUL EDVÕQ RUJDQODUÕQGD DoÕNoD J|UOPHktedir. Meselâ, “...Milas'tan 52. 5HúDW(NUHP.RoX³7UNL\H GH6HoLPLQ7DULKL. JHOHQKDEHUOHUHJ|UHGHHOOHULQGH1DPÕN.HPDO LQUHVLPOHULQLWDúÕ\DQEWQKDONøVODPøVHYv0XVHYv YDWDQGDúODUÕPÕ]³DUWÕNSDGLúDKÕPÕ]EL]LPGLU<DúDVÕQ6XOWDQÕPÕ]<DúDVÕQ+UUL\HW<DúDVÕQ0VDYDW. ”. ”. <DúDVÕQ .DKUDPDQ 2UGXPX]  GL\H ED÷ÕUDUDN GRODúPÕú LOK  $\QÕ KDEHULQ GHYDPÕ EX \HQL. 15.

Referanslar

Benzer Belgeler

Gerekirse sıvı ucunu veya hava kapağını değiştirin. Kapağı veya ucu uygun bir solventle yıkayıp

— Kütahya Milletvekili Mustafa Kalemli ve 14 arkadaşının, yurt dışında çalışan işçilerimizin, yurt dışında ve yurt içinde karşılaştıkları idarî, malî, ekonomik,

— Konya Milletvekili Necmettin Erbakan ve 21 arkadaşının, Türkiye'de devlet ve millet hayatındaki israfı önleyerek, bütçe açıklarını kapatmak için alınacak tedbirleri

ibaresi &#34;Cumhurbaşkanına” şeklinde değiştirilmiştir. Ç) 108 inci maddesinin birinci fıkrasına &#34;inceleme,” ibaresinden önce gelmek üzere &#34;idari

MADDE 70– Türkiye Büyük Millet Meclisi Genel Kurulu, Başbakanın veya bir bakanın veya bir siyasî parti grubunun yahut yirmi milletvekilinin yazılı istemi üzerine kapalı

9- Gelir İdaresi Başkanlığı tarafından önce 19 Kasım 2019 tarihinde, daha sonra 09.12.2019 tarihinde yapılacağı duyurulan ihalenin 6 Aralık 2019 tarihinde iptal edilmesi

Teklifle, Kanunun 60 mcı maddesinin birinci fıkrasının (3) numaralı bendinde yapılan değişiklik ve Kanuna eklenen 61/A maddesi uyarınca, taşınmaz satış

MAHMUT TANAL (Ġstanbul) – Tabii, burada baktığımız zaman biz BaĢbakanlığa bağlı 8 kurumun bütçesini görüĢüyoruz fakat 8 kurumun bütçesinde, 8 tane, bakanlıkta