赭麟蘑菇菌絲體之培養及其成分研究
Studies of mycelia culture and it’s components for Agaricus subrufenscens Peck
中文摘要
赭麟蘑菇，學名Agarcus subrufescens Peck (原名巴西蘑菇，Agaricus blazei Murrill)，
為食用菇。本研究是利用液態培養赭麟蘑菇菌絲體，萃取其多醣體及多醣體外小分子的成分，
並進行MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazo l-2-yl] -2,5 -diphenyltetrazolium bromide) 活性測 試。由生長曲線圖的結果顯示，赭麟蘑菇培養至第28 至 35 天是生長對數期，大約第 35 天已 達生長高峰。其多醣體的分子量分佈，其平均分子量依次是1617.00 KDa (56.15%)、93.47 KDa (8.56%)、33.22 KDa (3.28%)、3.86 KDa (9.01%)、0.57 KDa (13.00%)，其中 1617.0 KDa 是分佈高峰，為主要族群，佔 56.15.%。在單醣組成分析，包含七種單醣，其中 有五種是「必須生化醣」 (essential biological sugars)，分別是半乳醣 (galactose)、海藻醣 (fucose)、葡萄糖氨 (glucosamine)、葡萄糖 (glucose)、甘露醣 (manose)」，含量依次為 967.37±0.66μmole/g、39.16±5.50μmole/g、36.51±4.15μmole/g、104.50±3.91μmol e/g、10.20±2.41μmole/g，其中半乳醣含量最多，佔 79.98%，其次是葡萄糖，佔 8.64%。
至於多醣以外的成分，經光譜學，1H NMR，13C NMR，MS 等測試，解析得到 7 個成分，
(1) 為苯甲酸 (benzoic acid )、(2) 過氧麥角淄醇 (ergosterol peroxide)、(3) 十六酸 (n- hexadecanoid acid )、(4) 十八酸
(octadecanoid acid)、(5) blazeispirol X、(6) linolenic acid 和 linoleic acid….。經 MTT 活性測試結果，成分過氧麥角淄醇 (ergosterol peroxide) 具乳癌細胞 (MCF-7) 毒殺能力。
英文摘要
Agaricus subrufescens Peck (ASP, formerly named Agaricus blazei Murrill) is one of the edible mushrooms. For this study, liquid culture of the mycelia of ASP was established and the chemical components were extracted. We also performed the bioassay of MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazo l-2-yl] -2,5 -diphenyltetrazolium bromide) . Growth curve showed that the period of 28th day to 35th day was estimated the logarithmic phase , and the 35th day reached the maximum growth. From the data of size exclusion column chromatography, the distribution for average molecular weight of polysaccarides, were 1617.00 KDa (56.15%), 93.47 KDa (8.56%), 33.22KDa (3.28%), 3.86 KDa (19.01%), and 0.57 KDa (13.00%).
Compositional analysis of polysaccarides showed that they were composed of at least seven kinds of monosaccarides in which five kinds of monosaccarides, galactose (967.37±0.66μmole/g)、fucose (39.16±5.50μmole/g)、glucosamine (36.51±4.15μmole/g)、glucose
(104.50±3.91μmole/g)、manose (10.20±2.41μmole/g) are essential sugars. In addition , seven compounds, benzoic acid、ergosterol peroxide, n-hexadecanoid acid and octadecanoid acid、blazeispirol X、linolenic acid 和 linoleic acid… were
purified from the ethanolic extracts of ASP mycelia. From MTT bioassay, ergosterol peroxide exhibited cytotoxic activity for breast cancer cells (MCF-7) .
