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Acıbadem Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi Cilt: 4 • Sayı: 3 • Temmuz 2013

Kardiyoloji / Cardiology İLGİNÇ GÖRÜNTÜ/INTERESTING IMAGE

Sol Ana Koroner Arter Tıkanıklığı:

Her Zaman Felaket Göstergesi midir?

Left Main Coronary Artery Occlusion: Is It Always Catastrophic?

Aleks Değirmencioğlu1, Gültekin Karakuş1, Ahmet Akyol2

1Acibadem Maslak Hastanesi, Kardiyoloji Kliniği, İstanbul, Türkiye

2Acibadem Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Kardiyoloji Anabilim Dalı, İstanbul, Türkiye

Vaka

Hipertansiyon hikayesi olan 47 yaşındaki erkek hasta 20 dakikadan daha kısa süren ve sırta yayılan yeni başlan- gıçlı göğüs ağrısı ile hastaneye başvurdu. Kardiyak mu- ayenesi ve akciğer sesleri doğal olan hastanın elektro- kardiyografisinde non-spesifik ST-T değişikliklerinin ol- duğu sinüs ritmi gözlendi. Transtorasik ekokardiyogra- fide sol ventrikül fonksiyonları normal olup inferobazal

segmentte hafif hipokinezi saptandı. Olası bir aort disek- siyonunu ekarte etmek için kontrastlı torako-abdominal BT çekildi ve normal saptandı. Laboratuvar tetkiklerin- de hafif troponin yükselmesi ve normal CKMB değerleri olan hasta unstable angina pektoris tanısı ile interne edildi. Koroner anjiografisi yapılan hastada sol ana ko- roner arter tam tıkalı saptandı ve antegrad akımı yoktu (Şekil 1). Sağ koroner injeksiyonunda ise dominant sağ koroner arter distalinde darlık olduğu ve sağ koronerin tüm sol sistemi retrograd olarak doldurduğu gözlendi

Geliş tarihi: 13 Şubat 2013 • Revizyon tarihi: 15 Mayıs 2013 • Kabul tarihi: 29 Haziran 2013 İletişim: Aleks Değirmencioğlu • E-posta: alexdegirmencioglu@hotmail.com

Şekil 1. Antegrad akımın olmadığı LMCA oklüzyonu

Şekil 2. RCA’dan gelen kollateraller

(2)

137

ACU Sağlık Bil Derg 2013(4):136-137

(Şekil 2). En kısa sürede cerrahi revaskülarizasyon plan- lanan hastaya ertesi gün by-pass operasyonu yapıldı.

Herhangi bir komplikasyon olmadan operasyon sonrası 7. gününde taburcu edilen hastanın 1. ay kontrollerinde herhangi bir problemi yoktu. Bu vaka, normalde ciddi akut hemodinamik sonuçlara yol açan sol ana koroner arter tıkanıklığının nadiren kronik zeminde gelişebildi- ğini ve unstabil angina pektoris ile prezente olabileceği- ni göstermektedir. Sağ koroner arterin büyüklüğü ve sol koroner sisteme olan kollateral akımın yaygınlığı sağka- lım üzerinde belirleyici rol oynamaktadır (1, 2).

Anahtar kelimeler: Sol ana koroner arter, kollateral, oklüzyon

Case

A 47 year-old man with a history of hypertension pre- sented to hospital with acute chest pain that radiates to back and lasting less than 20 minutes. The cardiac sounds were normal and his lungs were clear on aus- cultation. Sinus rhythm with nonspecific ST-T changes were observed on electrocardiography. On transtho- racic echocardiography, left ventricular function was normal and there was mild wall motion abnormality on inferobasal segment. Contrast enhanced thoraco- abdominal computerized tomography was performed to exclude possible aortic dissection and it showed nor- mal findings. Laboratory examination revealed slightly

elevated troponin levels and normal CK-MB. In this situ- ation the patient was hospitalized with the diagnosis of unstable angina pectoris. Coronary angiography was performed and left main coronary artery total occlusion with no antegrad flow was encountered during left cor- onary injection (Figure 1). Dominant right coronary ar- tery, which has critical distal lesion and supplies entire left coronary system retrogradely, was observed (Figure 2). Urgent surgical revascularization was planned and the patient subsequently underwent bypass surgery.

The patient was discharged uneventfully at postopera- tive day 7 and he was in a good condition 1 month after surgery. This case suggests that left coronary artery oc- clusion, which generally leads to acute hemodynamic collapse, may rarely develop on chronic basis and may present with unstable angina pectoris. Size of the right coronary artery and the formation of collateral supply to the left coronary system determine the survival (1, 2).

Key words: Left main coronary artery, collateral, occlusion

Kaynaklar

1. Sugishita K, Shimizu T, Kinugawa K, Harada K, Ikenouchi H, Matsui H et al. Chronic total occlusion of the left main coronary artery.

Intern Med. 1997;36(7):471-478.

2. Valle M, Virtanen K, Hekali P, Frick MH. Survival with total occlusion of the left main coronary artery. Significance of the collateral circulation. Cathet Cardiovasc Diagn. 1979;5(3):269-275. 

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