IN F L U E N C E OF C O M P L E X E S OF IR O N O N G E N E T IC C H A N G E S A T y -
IR R A D IA T E D W H E A T
E.N.Shamilov1, A.A.Rzayev1. Z.H.Huseynova1, A.S. Suleymanova1, S.A.Mamedli1,
I.V.Azizov2
institute of Radiation Problems o f Azerbaijan National Academy o f Sciences, Baku institute of Botany of Azerbaijan National Academy o f Sciences, Baku
1. INTRODUCTION
The effect o f different doses o f y-radiation on biosynthesis o f chlorophylls and carotenoids also on mitotic divisions o f meristemic cells o f root at sprouting seeds o f wheat at presence pyrocatechol, Fe-pyrocatechol, thiourea, Fe-thiourea, routine and Fe- routine was studied. It is revealed that among used complexes Fe- pyrocatechol and Fe-routine possess appreciable radio protective properties which stimulate formation o f the photosynthetic device, considerably reduce number o f chromosomal aberrations at an irradiation.
Plant objects for a long time are used for studying laws o f action of nuclear radiations on alive organism. Easiness cultivation, opportunity o f use in experiment practically unlimited number o f individuals with identical genetic characteristics, presence o f seeds - the specific form, described by extremely slowed down metabolism, an opportunity o f a partition o f a vegetable organism without loss o f vital signs o f parts and a number o f other features is made with plants by completely unique and difficultly replaced objects [1-5]. Distinction between animal and supreme plants will consist only that at animal organism accumulation to the basic cellular weight occurs at the initial stages of development still in embryonic condition. As against animals at plants the increase in quantity o f cells occurs during all life thanking proliferation special formational meristem tissues.
The solution o f a problem o f protection o f plants allows widely using ionizing radiations for change o f a course ontogenesis plants and in other areas o f agriculture. Besides study o f protective systems o f a cell guarantees safety o f alive organisms, including plants. In order to solve this problem we using diversified and objects, among which very convenient are plants. On them it is possible to study mechanisms antiradiation protection, mechanisms o f action separate radioprotectors. On them except for that research o f protection o f plants from a radiation injury are important for development o f the general theory o f radioprotectors
In the works devoted to studying o f protective mechanisms in plants, the synthetic and natural substances raising life activity o f an organism, restoring a metabolism, the eliminating genetic damages caused by an irradiation are widely applied. At research action o f salts o f some metals on alive organisms their preventive and therapeutic action is revealed. It was revealed, that metals in structure o f organic complex connections are less toxic, than as inorganic salts. Presence organic ligands give lipophily to complexes o f metals and as a result their transport through cellular membranes is strongly facilitated. In this connection, rather expedient studying radioprotector properties o f trivalent metals and their complexes is represented.
Use o f iron as a radioprotector is connected to it's ability to complexing [6-8].
The task o f our researches was studying action o f y-irradiation on exit o f chromosomal aberrations at use o f complexes o f salts of iron with the purpose of revealing their radioprotector properties.
As objects o f researches are taken seeds o f drought-resistant grade “Qirmizi bugda” and onions (Al.cepa). Seeds subjected to the general uniform scale irradiation from a source 60Co on installation "Rkhund" at average capacity o f a doze o f radiation o f D=0,024 gray/second. Before the irradiation seeds have been processed by the following substances: pyrocatechol, Fe-pyrocatechol, thiocarbamide, Fe-thiocarbamide at concentration 10'2 M, rutin and iron rutin at concentration 10'3.
For synthesis of complexes used chloride o f iron (III), thiocarbamide, pyrocatechol marks
« a.p.a. ». Routines (3-ramnoglycoside-3, 5, 7, 3', 4'- penta-oksi-flavone, sulphureous fine-grained powder) have received from Sophora {Sophora japonica L.)\
Synthesis complexes o f iron carried out by the following technique: stochiometric quantity o f thiocarbamide, pyrocatechol and routine dissolved separately in 50 ml isopropyl alcohol. To the received solutions in the portions at hashing added a solution o f chloride o f iron (III). Dropped out deposits separated, dried up to constant weight.
Structural changes of chromosomes defined in initial and final stages anaphase with use o f light microscope ORTOPLAN.
At studying o f exit o f chromosomal aberrations after y- irradiations it was found out, that the doze 60 Gy rengthens formation o f chromosomal aberrations (tab.l). Among used complexes the most effective appeared Fe- pyrocatechol anf Fe - rutin which promoted significant decrease in chromosomal aberrations. It is necessary to note, that radioprotector ability Fe-pyrocatechol is found out also at processing seeds after irradiation.
Table 1. Action o f various dozes y - irradiations on output chromosomal aberrations at wheat sprouts at presence and absence complexes o f .900 root fuzz.
Experience variants Quantity o f observing anaphase cells n Lateness chromoso mes Fragm ents Ponticulus M ± M % Mi% Control 1659 17 6 10 1 1,02 ± 0,24 12,5 30 Gy 1665 14 9 55 59 35 8,9 ± 0,69 14,6 60 Gy 1663 23 0 98 82 50 13,8 ± 0,71 15 30 Gy +tioc.Fe 1665 77 25 32 20 4,6 ± 0,51 13,9 60 Gy +tioc.Fe 1639 11 5 54 51 10 7,0 ± 0,63 14,6 30 Gy + pyrocat.Fe 1611 87 31 36 20 5,4 ± 0,56 14,1 60 Gy + pyrocat.Fe 1583 17 7 62 61 54 11,2 ± 0,79 13,9 30 Gy + rutin 1617 68 23 31 14 4,2 ± 0,49 14 60 Gy + ritun 1596 11 3 49 44 10 7,1 ± 0,64 14 30 Gy +rutin.Fe 1635 62 12 30 20 3,8 ± 0,47 13,8 60 Gy + rutin.Fe 1612 10 4 45 33 26 6,5 ± 0,61 15
It is established, that with application o f Fe-rutinate at concentration 10'3 M, frequency o f chromosomal aberrations decreases. Seeds soaked preliminary with rutin 15 hours prior by irradiation. It has been revealed statistically significant geneprotect effect rutin on presynthetic phase of a cellular cycle in cells root meristem an onions (Allium cepa), practically reducing mutagen effect o f y - radiation. Apparently from the table scale the irradiation at low dozes renders mutagen influence. (Table 2)
Table 2. Influence o f various dozes y - irradiations in cells apical meristem seeds o f an onion (Al.cepa) at presence and absence o f complexes o f iron.
Experience variants Analysed cells Changes in anaphase M ± M % Mi% n Fragments Ponticul us Double ponticulus Control 1120 21 17 2 2 1,9 ± 0,4 10,9 Fe-Rutinate 1109 23 13 9 1 2 ± 0,42 10,1 Rutin 1020 24 18 4 2 2,3 ± 0,46 11 1 Gy 1137 34 24 6 4 3 ± 0,5 12,1 1 Gy +Fe- Rutinate 1230 29 16 10 3 2,3 ± 0,43 12 2,5 Gy 1075 39 19 14 6 3 ,6 ± 0,57 12,2 2,5 G y+Fe- Rutinate 1031 30 15 11 4 2,9 ± 0,52 13,1 5 Gy 1115 34 17 14 3 3 ± 0,51 14 5 Gy +Fe- Rutinate 1014 28 24 2 2 2,7 ± 0,51 12 10 Gy 1009 85 52 25 8 8,4 ± 0,87 15 10 Gy +Fe- Rutinate 1110 60 30 18 12 5,4 ± 0,68 14 15 Gy 1245 10 7 65 24 18 8,6 ± 0,79 15 15 G y+Fe- Rutinate 1214 73 47 22 4 6 ± 0,68 14,2
Influence o f y - irradiation on the genetic device o f plants is shown in growing frequency o f aberrations o f chromosome. Arisen infringement in the genetic device completely is restored with the help rutin and this fact testifies in universality of protector actions o f the given preparation. It is established that, rutins most actively operates at 10 (4,6±0,60) and 15 (5,8±0,67) Grey on chromosome aberrations.
2. CONCLUSIONS
Thus, the received data allow concluding, that complexes o f iron with pyrocatechol, thiocarbamide rutin show appreciable radioprotectors properties.
Complexes o f iron with pyrocatechol, thiocarbamide and rutin it can be recommended as radioprotective agents for vegetable systems.
3. REFERENCES
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