Eskişehir’de rüzgar ve güneş enerjisi potansiyelinin belirlenmesi

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*_{<D]ÕúPDODUÕQ\DSÕODFD÷Õ\D]DU Hasan D. YILDIZAY. hyildizay@ogu.edu.tr, hyildizay@gmail.com;}

Tel: 0535 2912928

(VNLúHKLU¶GHr]JDUYHgQHúenerjisi potansiyelinin

belirlenmesi

Hasan D. YILDIZAY*,1, Haydar ARAS1, Veysel YILMAZ2

1_{(VNLúHKLU2VPDQJD]LhQLYHUVLWHVL0DNLQD 0KHQGLVOL÷L%|OP hyildizay@ogu.edu.tr, haras@ogu.edu.tr} 2_{(VNLúHKLU2VPDQJD]L hQLYHUVLWHVLøVWDWLVWLN%|OP vyilmaz@ogu.edu.tr}

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Anahtar Kelimeler: 5]JDU Enerjisi*QHú(QHUMLVL(VNLúHKLU

Cilt: 3-9

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Determination of Wind and Solar

Energy Potential in Eskisehir

Extended Abstract:

The necessary steps in the establishment of wind power turbines for electricity generation, the wind speed measurements, evaluation of the measured data, the potential for energy production in the form of the identification and selection of the turbine, respectively. Therefore, the wind speed data which is the most important parameter of the turbine installation area is taken from representing measurement point. For the installation of wind power plants, wind speed and wind direction must be measured in addition to some other meteorological parameters. The temperature, humidity and pressure changes should be assessed seasonal for the factors such as air density and FRUURVLRQ RI WXUELQH 'XUDN DQG g]HU )RU research into renewable energies in power generation is an unavoidable reality in today's world. Depending on the evolving technology environment-friendly energy demand is increasing day by day. Therefore, the provision of support for regional research in the use of renewable energy sources is among the main objectives of the article. ,QDGGLWLRQWRSURYLGHDFRQWULEXWLRQWRWKH7XUNH\¶ map of wind and solar power is aimed.

Nowadays, one of the most important indicators of a country's development, it is the energy consumed per capita in the country. Energy, infrastructure and industrialization is an essential element of daily life. Therefore, the country's energy needs, holds an important place in the national and international platforms. Energy sources will be depleted in the near future, for reasons such as environmental impacts, and increasing dependence on foreign, countries nowadays reliable, adequate supply, cheap and clean energy needs. Industry, the economy and the rapidly growing population of Turkey's population, the need for energy is constantly increasing in parallel. Therefore, the produced energy source, as well as the efficient use of energy and resources available for the provision of equality of the potential for the introduction of renewable energy sources is extremely important. Table 1 in the country share of renewable energy sources are electricity generation (ETBK, 2012). Accordingly, the orientation renewable energy sources in our country, in general, are increasing.

In this study, wind and solar measurements station ZDV HVWDEOLVKHG LQ WKH (VNLúHKLU 2VPDQJD]L University Meselik Campus to determine the potential of wind and solar power. Thus, for the purpose of energy production from wind and solar energy in Eskisehir region, data is extended. As a result of evaluation of data, whether cost of electricity production from wind and solar energy is economic have been identified.

The study measured wind speeds of 30m, can be incorporated into a light class. Therefore, the remaining wind speeds of light in the class, water pumps, power generation and second degree will be eligible to run. The data used in this study was taken from the measuring station which was established through a project supported by Eskisehir Osmangazi University Scientific Research Projects Commission (Aras et al., 2012). 30m length to a minimum so that the interaction of the sensors on a pole and advance literature, which was published in the Official Gazette No. 24903 dated 10.11.2002 "Wind and 6RODU 0HDVXUHPHQWV &RPPXQLTXp RQ WKH GHYLFH according to the placements elevations were planned. However, this notification in the Official Gazette No. 28250 dated 31.03.2012 which was published in "Wind and Solar Energy Based License $SSOLFDWLRQV &RPPXQLTXp $PHQGLQJ WKH &RPPXQLTXp RQ WKH 0HDVXUHPHQW 6WDQGDUG ZDV changed to" (Rega, 2012). Installing the metering station is suitable for both the rules laid down in the FRPPXQLTXp0HDVXULQJVWDWLRQIRUWKHVHOHction of the installation site, in an article in 2004 is taken into consideration. In this article, Analytic Hierarchy Process technique has identified the location of the most suitable wind measurement station (Aras et al., 2004).

The main factor that determines the installation of a central area is to determine the potential for infrastructure and energy studies. Therefore, in order to determine the potential of the region's wind and solar power for continuous measurements should be made at least 1 year. If the establishment of a central area of electricity generation and will not be economically possible with determination, but the statistical analysis of the raw data. Therefore, analysis of problems that can occur with the help of pre-determined and studies to determine the potential for wind and solar power to be accurate and complete.

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literatür bilgilerine ve 11/10/2002 tarih ve VD\ÕOÕ 5HVPL JD]HWHGH \D\ÕPODQDUDN \UUO÷HJLUHQ5]JDUYH*QHúgOoPOHULQH øOLúNLQ7HEOL÷HJ|UHSODQODQPÕú\NVHNOLNOHUGH FLKD] \HUOHúLPOHUL \DSÕOPÕúWÕU $QFDN EX WHEOL÷ WDULK YH VD\ÕOÕ 5HVPL JD]HWHGH\D\ÕPODQDUDN\UUO÷HJLUHQ³5]JDU YH *QHú (QHUMLVLQH 'D\DOÕ /LVDQV %DúYXUXODUÕQD øOLúNLQ gOoP 6WDQGDUGÕ 7HEOL÷LQGH 'H÷LúLNOLN <DSÕOPDVÕQD øOLúNLQ 7HEOL÷´ RODUDN GH÷LúWLULOPLúWLU (Rega, 2012). .XUXOXPX \DSÕODQ |OoP LVWDV\RQX, her iki WHEOL÷GH GH EHOLUOHQPLú NXUDOODUD X\JXQGXU gOoP LVWDV\RQXQXQ NXUXOXP \HUL VHoLPL LoLQ \ÕOÕQGD \DSÕODQ ELU PDNDOH J|] |QQGH EXOXQGXUXOPXúWXU %X PDNDOHGH $QDO\WLF Hierarchy 3URFHVV WHNQL÷L LOH HQ X\JXQ U]JDU |OoP LVWDV\RQXQXQ yerini belirlenPLúWLU (Aras vd., 2004).

gOoP LVWDV\RQXQGD .m yH GR÷X YH EDWÕ \|QOHULQde 2 VHQV|U, 10.m yH GR÷X \|QQGH VHQV|U ve 3.m ye ise 1 adet piranometre monte HGLOPLúWLU %X VHQV|UOHUGHQ YH 3 \ÕOODUÕQDDLWU]JDUKÕ]ÕGH÷HUOHULQHEDNÕOGÕ÷ÕQGD 3PGHU]JDUKÕ]ÕRUWDODPDVÕ8 m/s ve 10.m deNLU]JDUKÕ]ÕRUWDODPDVÕLVH93 m/s dir. Bu GH÷HUOHU YHULOHULQ DOÕQGÕ÷Õ G|QHPGHNL KDYD ROD\ODUÕQÕQ JHoPLú \ÕOODUGDNL RUWDODPDODUÕQ DOWÕQGDNDOPDVÕQGDQGROD\Õ(VNLúHKLUE|OJHVLQLQ JHQHO RODUDN PHWHRURORMLN RUWDODPDODUÕQÕQ DOWÕQGDGÕU %X GXUXP HQ \NVHN U]JDU KÕ] GH÷HUOHULQLQ GúN ROPDVÕQGan da DQODúÕODELOPHNWHGLU (Tablo 4). (Q GúN U]JDU KÕ]ODUÕQÕQ 0. PV ROPDVÕQÕQ VHEHEL |OoPGH kullanÕODQ DQHPRPHWUHOHULQ HQ GúN EX KÕ]ODUÕ |OoebilPHVLQGHQND\QDNODQPDNWDGÕU

Tablo 4. 5]JDUKÕ]ODUÕJHQHORUWDODPDODUÕ (Aras vd., 2012)

P'R÷X 30P%DWÕ P'R÷X 2UWDODPDU]JDUKÕ]ÕPV 3.7 3.8 2.9 (QGúNU]JDUKÕ]ÕPV 0.4 0.4 0.4 (Q\NVHNU]JDUKÕ]ÕPV 18.3 18.4 16.0 gOoP LVWDV\RQXQGD U]JDUKÕ]YH \|QELOJLOHUL

GÕúÕQGD |OoOHQ GL÷HU GH÷HUOHU 7DEOR ¶de YHULOPLúWLU Tablodan da DQODúÕODFD÷ÕJLELU]JDU KÕ]ODUÕQÕQ GÕúÕQGD VÕFDNOÕN EDVÕQo KDYD

\R÷XQOX÷X YH QHP RUDQODUÕ E\N GH÷LúLNOLNOHU J|VWHUPHNWHGLU %X GH÷LúLNOHULQ DQD VHEHEL PHYVLPVHO IDUNOÕOÕNODUGÕU 1HP RUDQÕ \D÷PXUOX YHNDUOÕKDYDODUGDRODUDN|OoOPúWU

Tablo 5. gOoPRUWDODPDODUÕ (Aras vd., 2012)

Parametere Birimi Ortalama (Q<NVHN (Q'úN

6ÕFDNOÕN oC 10.7 40.3 -12.7

%DVÕQo mbar 911.4 925 888.9

+DYD\R÷XQOX÷X kg/m3 1.12 1.22 1.02

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Tablo 6. PGHNLU]JDU\|QGD÷ÕOÕPÕ (Aras vd., 2012) Ortalama (m/s) (Q'úN (m/s) (Q<NVHN (m/s) 345° - 15° 3.61 0.40 11.60 15° - 45° 2.40 0.40 10.10 45° - 75° 3.11 0.40 8.60 75° - 105° 3.74 0.40 11.30 105° - 135° 3.66 0.40 13.40 135° - 165° 2.90 0.40 14.40 165° - 195° 2.86 0.40 14.80 195° - 225° 3.38 0.40 18.40 225° - 255° 3.29 0.40 14.60 255° - 285° 3.80 0.40 12.30 285° - 315° 5.17 0.40 14.60 315° - 345° 4.82 0.40 11.70 Ortalama 3.81 0.40 18.40 5]JDU KÕ]ODUÕQÕQ \|QOHUH J|UH GD÷ÕOÕPÕQD

EDNÕOGÕ÷ÕQGD 7DEOR RUWDODPD U]JDU KÕ]ODUÕQÕQ HQ \NVHN 0 ile 3150 derecelerde yani kuzey-EDWÕ \|QQGH JHUoHNOHúWL÷L

J|UOPHNWHGLU $QFDN HQ \NVHN U]JDU KÕ]ODUÕQD EDNÕOGÕ÷ÕQGD LOH GHUHFH DUDVÕQGD\DQLJQH\-GR÷X\|QQGHJHUoHNOHúWL÷L J|UOPHNWHGLU

ùHNLO. $\OÕNRUWDODPDU]JDUKÕ]ODUÕGH÷HUOHULQLQVDDWOHUHJ|UHGH÷LúLPL (Aras vd., 2012)

ùHNLO LQFHOHQGL÷LQGH |OoP \DSÕODQ E|OJHGH U]JDU KÕ]Õ GH÷HUOHUL JHFH ER\XQFD HQ GúN GH÷HUOHUGHVH\UHWPHNWHIDNDWVDEDKVDDWOHULQGHQ

LWLEDUHQDUWPDNWDYH|÷OHVDDWOHULQGHHQ \Nsek GH÷HUOHUH XODúPDNWDGÕU Bu durum her 3 DQHPRPHWUHLoLQGHSDUDOHOGLU

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EVNLúHKLU¶GHgQHúenerjisi potansiyeli

gOoP LVWDV\RQXQGDQ DOÕQDQ YHULOHU GH÷HUOHQGLULOHUHN ÕúÕQÕP úLGGHWL D\OÕN RUWDODPD |OoP VRQXoODUÕQD EDNÕOGÕ÷ÕQGD NÕú VH]RQXQGD ÕúÕQÕP úLGGHWL RUDQODUÕQGD EHOLUOL UDNDPODUD XODúÕOPDVÕ KDYD ROD\ODUÕQÕQ oRN D] VD\ÕGD ROGX÷XQX J|VWHUPHNWHGLU 7DEOR µye EDNÕOGÕ÷ÕQGD $UDOÕN YH 2FDN D\ODUÕ GÕúÕQGDNL ]DPDQ GLOLPLQGH ÕúÕQÕP úLGGHWL ROGXNoD \NVHNWLU QLVDQ YH H\OO D\ODUÕ DUDVÕQGD LVH HQ \NVHNÕúÕQÕP GH÷HUOHULHOGHHGLOPLúWLU Tablo 7. $\OÕN2UWDODPDÕúÕQÕPúLGGHWOHUL (MGM, 2013) Aylar ,úÕQÕPùLGGHWL:P2₎ .DVÕP 93.1 $UDOÕN 58.8 Ocak 61.0 ùXEDW 107.3 Mart 158.4 Nisan 194.4 0D\ÕV 224.5 Haziran 278.7 Temmuz 327.1 $÷XVWRV 298.3 Eylül 229.0 Ekim 160.0 .DVÕP 102.5

SRQXoODU

dDOÕúPDGD P 'R÷X \|QQH DLW RUWDODPD U]JDUKÕ]Õ- PV%DWÕ\|QQH DLW RUWDODPD U]JDU KÕ]Õ - 3,84659 m/s DUDVÕQGDYHP'R÷X\|QQHDLWU]JDUKÕ]ÕGD 2,90862 - PV DUDVÕQGDGÕU 7DEOR ¶H J|UH oDOÕúPDGD |OoPOHQHQ P \NVHNOLNWHNL U]JkU KÕ]ODUÕ KDILI VÕQÕID GkKLO HGLOHELOLU 'ROD\ÕVÕ\ODKDILIVÕQÕIWDNDODQU]JDUKÕ]ODUÕ\OD VXSRPSDODUÕQÕoDOÕúWÕUPDNYHLNLQFLGHUHFHJo UHWLPL X\JXQ RODFDNWÕU P 'R÷X \|QQGHNL U]JkUKÕ]ODUÕGD oRNKDILIVÕQÕUÕQDJLUPHNWHROXS EX KÕ]ODUOD HQHUML UHWLPL HNRQRPLN ROPD\DFDNWÕU

Tablo 8. 5]JkUKÕ]ÕQÕQWUELQHHWNLVL .RohOWDQÕU

5]JDU 5]JDU 5]JDU7UELQLQH 0.0 - 1.8 Sakin. Yok 1.9 -3.0 dRN+DILI Yok. 3.1 - 5.8 Hafif. 6XSRPSDODUÕQÕ O iki i d 5.9 - 8.5 Orta. <DUDUOÕHOHNWULN L L 8.6 - 11.0 Sert. <DUDUOÕHOHNWULN L L N L 11.1 -

14 0 Kuvvetli. Tam kapasite. 14.1

-21 0 KdRNli Tam kapasite. 21.0 < )ÕUWÕQD 7PPDNLQHOHULQ

N O l

gneriler

øo ND\QDNODUÕQ HQ X\JXQ NRúXOODUGD NXOODQÕOPDVÕQD EX ND\QDNODUÕQ GR÷D\D HQ D] zarar YHUPHVLQH YH HNRQRPLN JHOLúLPH PDNVLPXP NDWNÕ VD÷ODPDVÕQD GD\DOÕ HQHUML SROLWLNDVÕQÕQ EHOLUOHQPHVL 7UNL\H Loin bir zorunluluktur. Bu nedenle yenilenebilir ve oHYUHVHO ]DUDUODUÕ HQ D] RODQ YH ONH LoLQGH ERO olarak bulunan enerji ND\QDNODUÕQD \|QHOPHN 7UNL\H¶QLQ KHP HQHUML JYHQOL÷LQL VD÷OD\DFDN KHPGHGÕúD ED÷ÕPOÕOÕ÷ÕD]DOWDFDNWÕU

(QHUMLLWKDODWÕQD\ÕOGDmilyar dolar harcayan ONHPL]GHHQHUMLUHWLPGHGÕúDED÷ÕPOÕOÕNRUDQÕ \HNDGDUoÕNPÕúWÕU%XQHGHQOH\HUOLUHWLP GHVWHNOHQPHOL\HQLOHQHELOLUHQHUMLUHWLPLWHúYLN edilmelidir.

8QXWXOPDPDOÕGÕU ELU \HUGH HQHUML UHWLPL \DSPDQÕQ LON DúDPDVÕ SRWDQVL\HO belirleme oDOÕúPDODUÕQÕQ\DSÕOPDVÕGÕU%XQHGHQOH\DSÕODQ oDOÕúPDODU\D\JÕQODúDUDNDUWPDOÕYH7UNL\H¶QLQ SRWDQVL\HOKDULWDVÕGHWD\ODQGÕUÕOPDOÕGÕU

Bilgilendirme

%X oDOÕúPD (VNLúHKLU 2VPDQJD]L hQLYHUVLWHVL %LOLPVHO $UDúWÕUPD 3URMHOHUL .RPLV\RQX WDUDIÕQGDQ QXPDUDOÕ SURMH LOH GHVWHNOHQPLúWLU

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Kaynaklar

Aras H., (2010-2012). (VNLúHKLU¶GH (QHUML hUHWLPL $PDoOÕ 5]JDU +Õ] YH *QHú ,úÕQÕP Potansiyellerinin Tespiti ve Analizi, (VNLúHKLU

2VPDQJD]L hQLYHUVLWHVL %LOLPVHO $UDúWÕUPDODU Komisyonu Projesi.

Aras H., Erdogmus S., Koc E., (2004). Multi-criteria Selection for a Wind Observation Station Location Using Analytic Hierarchy Process,

Renewable Energy, 29, 1383–1392

'HYOHW0HWHRURORMLøúOHUL*HQHO0GUO÷0*0 www.mgm.gov.tr

'XUDN0g]HU62006). 5]JDU(QHUMLVL7HRULYH

Uygulama, øPSUHVV%DVÕP$QNDUD

'Q\D (QHUML .RQVH\L 7UN 0LOOL .RPLWHVL (DEKTMK)7UNL\H(QHUML9HULOHUL European Statistic Report, (2011). Wind in Power,

www.europa.eu

.Ro7., (1996). .DSÕGD÷<DUÕPDGDVÕQGD 5]JDU YH

Ortam 7UN &R÷UDI\D 'HUJLVL 6D\Õ 31 s:

167-182

7& (QHUML YH 7DELL .D\QDNODU %DNDQOÕ÷Õ 5DSRUX (2012). (ETBK), 'Q\D¶GDYH7UNL\H¶GH(QHUML

*|UQP

T.C. Resmi Gazete (REGA), (2012). 5]JDU

gOoPOHULQH øOLúNLQ 7HEOL÷,

rega.basbakanlik.gov.tr

7002% (OHNWULN 0KHQGLVOHUL 2GDVÕ YHULOHUL www.emo.org.tr

hOWDQÕU0g(1996). ùLPGL5]JDUdLIWOL÷L=DPDQÕ