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Human as a tragic hero the uncanniness of being

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ABSTRACT

The main motive behind writing this thesis was to associate the famous novel Homo Faber (1957) by Max Frisch, one of the most important names of German literature, with the psychological concept of the ‘uncanny’, which was first fixed by Sigmund Freud in his essay Das Unheimliche (1919) and to analyze it in the context of the tragedy of modern man. Homo Faber was written after World War II, in an era where scientific and technological progresses had a great importance. Against this background, the novel portrays the process of identity building of an individual, the role s/he was given by the society, his/her conflict with nature and with himself/herself, and as the final result the ‘alienation’ process as a criticism of modernity. The analysis of the content, the characters and the transformation of the protagonist were adopted as the methodology of the thesis. This analysis shows us in the context of ‘uncanny’, how modern man gets alienated from his/her own nature and identity and the unavoidable tragedy s/he experiences in the end by surrendering to technology.

Keywords: 1) Sigmund Freud 2) Uncanny 3) Max Frisch 4) Homo Faber 5) Alienation

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Bu tezin yazılmasındaki temel amaç, Almanca edebiyatın önemli isimlerinden İsviçreli yazar Max Frisch’in 1957 yılına ait ünlü eseri Homo Faber’i, Sigmund Freud’un 1919’da kaleme aldığı Das Unheimliche makalesinin bel kemiği olan ‘Unheimlichkeit’ (tekinsizlik) kavramı çerçevesinde ele alarak eseri, modern insanın trajedisi olarak incelemektir. Homo Faber, yazıldığı İkinci Dünya Savaşı sonrası, bilimsel ilerleme ve teknolojinin tek geçer akçe olduğu dönem itibariyle, bireyin kimliğini oluşturma süreci, toplum tarafından kendine biçilen rol ve doğa/kendi doğası ile yaşadığı çatışma ve nihayetinde vuku bulan yabancılaşma sürecini etkin ve eleştirel bir anlatımla ortaya koymaktadır. Bu çalışmada yöntem olarak edebi metin olay örgüsü, karakter analizleri ve roman kahramanının dönüşüm süreci bağlamında incelenmiş ve ‘tekinsizlik’ kavramı üzerinden, modern insanın teknolojiye boyun eğerek kendi doğasına nasıl yabancılaştığı, benliğini nasıl ötekileştirdiği ve sonunda yaşadığı kaçınılmaz trajedi ele alınmıştır. Anahtar Kelimeler: 1) Sigmund Freud 2) Tekinsizlik 3) Max Frisch 4) Homo Faber 5) Yabancılaşma

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