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腦脊髓液生物標記在失智症診斷的角色

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腦脊髓液生物標記在失智症診斷的角色 返回 醫療衛教 發表醫師 胡朝榮 主任 發佈日期2009/09 /13 腦脊髓液生物標記在失智症診斷的角色 民眾衛教 - 其他衛教 作者是 朝榮 週日, 13 九月 2009 20:40

已有許多研究指出腦脊髓液中乙型類澱粉蛋白1-42(amyloid-β1-42)減少,總體 Tau 蛋白(total Tau)和/或磷酸化 Tau(phosphorylated-Tau)增加可以用於診斷阿茲海默症:主要區別阿茲海默症 或非失智症老人。針對屍體解剖(autopsy)檢體所做的研究,其敏感性(sensitivity)及專一性 (specificity)與目前常使用之臨床診斷標準,如 Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM IV) 略高,對於預測輕微認知障礙(mild cognitive impairment)轉換成失智症有 可能扮演角色;National Institute for Neurological and Communicative Disorders and

Stroke-Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorder Association(NINDS-ADRDA)於 2007 已 經修改診斷標準,將腦脊髓液中生物標記列入。

然而,腦脊髓液中生物標記在國內仍存在許多限制:國內仍缺乏相關研究,而無法確定腦脊髓液中乙型 類澱粉蛋白以及Tau 蛋白對阿茲海默症的診斷值;針對乙型類澱粉蛋白以及 Tau 蛋白的檢驗工具,如: 酵素免疫分析法(Enzyme-linked Immuno-sorbent Assay)仍未標準化。另外,腦脊髓液中乙型類 澱粉蛋白以及Tau 蛋白對阿茲海默症與其他失智症候群,如額顳葉失智症、路易氏體失智症、等之鑑別 診斷價值仍有待進一步確定。 證據等級: 1+ 建議強度: B 腦脊髓液中14-3-3 蛋白對賈庫氏症(Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, CJD)診斷仍是重要的一部份 證據等級: 2+ 建議強度: B 基於以上的證據等級,腦脊髓液中乙型類澱粉蛋白1-42、總體 Tau 蛋白、磷酸化 Tau 目前仍無法被推薦

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為診斷失智症的標準項目之ㄧ;但有愈來愈多的證據顯示,腦脊髓液生物標記可以提供診斷上客觀的診 斷標準,因此未來仍應鼓勵相關醫師、病人、家屬了解腦脊髓液生物標記的角色,並積極參與相關測試。

健康文章內文主要提供民眾降低對疾病因不了解產生之不安和恐懼,但不可取代實際的醫療行為,所以 身體如有不適請您前往醫院就醫治療。

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