Seafood Poisoning From Marine Ecosystem

Seafood Poisoning

From

Marine

Ecosystem

Haticc

YAZGAN,

Esmeray

KULEY BOdA,

Fatih

6ZOdUL,

Yegim

OzOCUL

I Deparlment of Food Hygiene and Technologyu,

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Veterinary Medicine, University of

2 Deparbnent ofSeafood Processing Technology, Faculty ofFisheties, University ofCukurova,

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Abstract

Seafood toxins are formed by phytoplankton (dinoflagellates, cyanobacteria, and diatoms) or bacteria. They are found in seafood especially

in

shellfish which are

filter

feeding organisms that accumulate the toxins

within

their flesh. The toxins are transferred along the food chains whiclr affect fish and hunrans. Marine toxins expose

to

humans through ingestion

of

toxins-contaminated seafood and dermal absorption during contact

with

contaminated waters. Many

matine creatures including molluscs, crustaceans and

fish

have been reported as potential

routes

of

toxins

for

hrunan. There

ale

nutnerous forms

of

poisoning caused

by

fish

and

shellfish consurnption, which are colnlnonly scombroid fish poisoning, tetrodotclxin. cigualera poisoning and shellfish poisoning. Scombroid, one

of

the most popular fish poisonings, take place

worldwide

in

both

temperate

and tropical

waters.

The

illness

occurs

after

eating

improperly refrigerated or preserved fish containing high levels of histamine

with

associated

amine (cadaverine, putrescine), and otten resembles a modetate

to

severe allergic reaction. etrodotoxin is also one of the best-known marine toxins because

of

its frequent involvement

in

fatal

food poisoning from

puffer fish.

Ciguatera poisoning

is a form

of

food poisoning,

which

is

caused

by

eating

finfish

that carry

ciguatoxin. Shellfish can

carry

a

variety

of

natually

occurring

seafbod

toxins

that

cause poisoning

in

humans

including

paralytic, amnesic, neurotoxic and

diarhetic

shellfish poisoning. Marine toxins found

in

shellfish are

typically

the result

of

the ingestion

of

different types

of

algae. Tlrerefore, seafood poisoning

and possible risk for consumption of contaminated seafood are highlighted in order to provide rnore information about food poisoning.

Keywords : Irrigati on water qual ity, Agricul tural producti orr