PART I
SET 1
1. The results of the research ---- that, presently, several East Asian countries ---- rapidly. A) have indicated / were developing B) indicate / are developing
C) are indicated / have been developing D) were indicated / had developed E) had indicated / developed
2. Understandably, her friends ---- when Julia married someone else after being engaged to John for two years.
A) are surprising B) were surprised C) surprised D) will be surprised E) had surprised
3. The facsimile ---- when the secretary returns from lunch.
A) will be sent B) is going to send C) should have sent D) was being sent E) has been sent
4. Because James to physical work, he ----after he had spent a week on the farm.
A) isn’t accustomed / might be exhausted B) hadn’t accustomed / had exhausted C) won’t be accustomed / will be exhausted D) hasn’t accustomed / has exhausted E) wasn’t accustomed / was exhausted
5. Animals ---- to survive in the wild, rather than kept in captivity.
A) are helping B) have been helping C) should be helped D) could be helping E) ought to have helped
6. Films of violence ---- on television until after 9.30 at night, the time when the majority of children ---- to bed.
A) cannot be shown / went B) aren’t being shown / had gone C) didn’t use to be shown / are going D) shouldn’t be shown / go
E) needn’t be shown / have gone
7. Normal climbing boots slip in icy conditions, so climbers ---- iron plates with spikes, known as crampons, to their boots.
A) should be fixed B) have to fix C) have been fixed D) used to fix E) must be fixed
8. “Fragile, handle with care” ---- on the package, but still the contents of the parcel ---- when it arrived.
A) had written / would be broken B) is being written / will be broken C) was written / were broken D) would have written / had broken E) has been written / could break
9. An apple tree ---- fruit until it is five to eight years old.
A) did not bear B) was not bearing C) has not been borne D) does not bear E) will not be borne
10. The hill where Jane Austen set one of her romances ---- Box Hill because of the box trees which ---- there.
A) calls / are grown B) has been calling / grew C) used to call / used to grow D) are calling / were growing E) is called / grow
11. Your chances of success in an examination ---- if you ---- the course work thoroughly. A) enhance / are revised
B) were enhancing / revised C) had enhanced / were revising D) could be enhanced / would revise E) are enhanced / revise
12. When he ---- an essay in on time for once, his professor ---- him a look of surprise.
A) handed / gave
B) was handed / was giving C) is handed / will be given D) has handed / would give E) hands / is given
A) must have allowed / delays B) used to allow / delayed
C) ought to be allowed / has delayed D) had better allow / is delayed E) were allowed / was delayed
14. It’s true that happiness ---- with money, but some money ---- life easier.
A) mustn’t be bought / made B) shouldn’t buy / has made C) can’t be bought / makes D) doesn’t buy / is making E) hasn’t been bought / is made
15. Cells ---- for the first time by the English scientist Robert Hooke, who, in 1665, ---- a book about his findings.
A) were described / published
B) had described / would have published C) could be described / was published D) has described / had published
E) would be described / could be published 16. Portland cement, when it ... with water,
---- a paste that binds sand, gravel and stone into a rock-like mass called concrete.
A) will be combined / formed B) has combined / is formed C) was combined / was formed D) combines / has been formed E) is combined / forms
17. The twentieth century, now nearing its end, ---- the century when mankind ---- to realise that the Earth’s resources are limited.
A) was / was coming B) will be / had come C) has been / has come D) had been / came
E) will have been coming / is coming
18. Up to now, the equipment ---- regularly, but from now on, we ---- it before every outing. A) wasn’t checked / are checking
B) hasn’t checked / will be checking C) isn’t being checked / should be checked D)hasn’t been checked / are going to check E) hadn’t checked / have to be checked
---- that very few things in the world ---- by hand in the twenty-first century.
A) has been predicted / will be making B) can be predicted / will be made C) will be predicted / were made D) is being predicted / have been made E) is predicting / will have been made
20. Considering the meager resources we ---- with for the project, we ---- a wonderful job.
A) had been provided / did B) were provided / can do
C) have been provided / used to do D) will be provided / have done E) provided / will be doing
21. Solutions to the problem of unemployment ----, but none of the measures that ---- so far has been very successful.
A) have sought / will be tired B) will be sought / have been trying C) had been seeking / were trying D) are being sought / have been tried E) have been seeking / are tried
22. Africa’s population growth rate is much higher than the world average and it ---- that, by the year 2050 Africa ---- for twenty-one percent of the world’s population.
A) has estimated / accounts
B) was estimating / had been accounting C) will be estimated / accounted
D) will have estimated / is accounting E) is estimated / will account
23. Following stricter “drink driving” regulations, the number of accidents which ---- drunk drivers ---- significantly.
A) have been involved / is reduced B) involve / has been reduced C) were involved / was reducing D) are involved / is reducing E) involved / has been reducing
24. I managed to translate most of the letter for you, but I --- stuck on one or two sentences. A) am getting
B) get C) got D) was getting E) will get
Americans, Horace Hayden and Chapin Harris, in 1839.
A) would have founded B) was founding C) was founded D) had founded E) would be founding
26. The works of Shakespeare ---- into every major language in the world.
A) are going to translate B) have been translated C) had translated D) had been translating E) will have translated
27. He ---- about this meeting for weeks, so I don’t know why he ---- anything for it yet.
A) is known / isn’t preparing B) was known / doesn’t prepare C) knows / didn’t prepare D) has known / hasn’t prepared E) knew / hadn’t prepared
28. There were such a lot of different things to do at the resort where we ---- our holiday that none of us ---- .
A) spent / was bored B) were spending / bored C) were spent / had bored D) have spent / could be bored E) spend / are bored
29. A place ---- for you, Madam, as soon as you ---- the deposit.
A) has been reserved / will pay B) reserved / had paid
C) is reserving / are paid D) is reserved / were paid E) will be reserved / have paid
30. There is no way you ---- all of your project in an hour, so you ---- the most important points and talk about those.
A) should be covered / ought to choose B) used to cover / can choose
C) must cover / will be chosen D) ought to cover / have chosen E) can cover / had better choose
meet the body’s needs, the excess calories ---- to fat.
A) will take / have converted B) takes / are converted C) is taken / convert
D) has taken / were converted E) was taken / had converted
32. Because I ….. up in a house next to a main railway line, I rarely get disturbed by noises during the night.
A) was brought B) had brought C) have been bringing D) used to bring E) am bringing
33. Women ---- dress design until the last half of the 19th century. A) were dominated B) have dominated C) dominated D) are dominating E) would be dominated
34. Luckily, he realised that he had forgotten his passport in time to return to the hotel and collect it; otherwise, we ---- the hovercraft. A) must not have caught
B) ought not to be caught C) hadn’t been caught D) couldn’t have caught E) needn’t have caught
35. Everybody was very concerned when one of the representatives ---- half way through the main course. A) will collapse B) is collapsing C) has collapsed D) collapses E) collapsed
SET 2
1. I hope the new timetable ---- by Friday as I want to start a driving course next week, but I need to know which afternoon I will be off before I can enroll on it.
A) has been announced B) is going to announce C) will have been announced D) has been announcing E) is being announced
2. Obviously, the management that we ----the new conditions without questioning ----the consequences.
A) have assumed / are accepted B) assume / will accept
C) were assumed / have accepted D) will be assumed / will be accepted E) assumed / were accepted
3. Look! The other team must be about to play their substitute because he ---- warmed up at the side of the pitch.
A) has got B) gets
C) had been getting D) is getting E) will get
4. To the ancient Romans, a census ... simply counting the people and valuing their estates for the purpose of the taxation, but today the range of information collected by a census taker is very wide, and the statistics gathered ---- to many uses.
A) meant / are put B) was meant / have put
C) used to mean / have been putting D) had been meaning / put
E) means / are being put
5. I really dislike ---- to work on Sundays because I feel torn between my family and work. A) to be asking B) asking C) being asked D) having asked E) to have asked
6. The FBI ---- that he knew where the body ----. A) has suspected / was burying
B) suspects / had been burying C) was suspected / will be buried D) is suspected / had buried E) suspected / was buried
A) being limited B) to have limited C) having limited D) to be limited E) to be limiting
8. The end of slavery in America ---- by the passage of the 13th Amendment to the US Constitution on 18th December, 1865.
A) would have achieved B) was achieving C) had achieved D) has been achieved E) was achieved
9. Medicines and chemical cleaning liquids ----out of children’s reach.
A) should be kept B) must have kept C) need to keep D) have kept E) used to keep
10. The United Kingdom ---- a period of time until 1995 to clean up its beaches by the European Union, but Morecombe Bay in Lancashire was so dirty that it ---- two more years to bring the area up to the required standard.
A) was given / was allowed B) is given / has allowed C) gives / will have allowed D) has been given / has allowed E) gave / had been allowed
11. Five armed men ---- a Zurich Post Office last night in a van which ---- as a Post Office repair vehicle.
A) were robbing / disguised B) robbed / was disguised C) were robbed / had disguised D) had been robbed / has disguised E) would be robbing / is disguised
12. Advertising is very old. Examples of advertising ---- as far back as ancient Greece, where criers ---- out messages about their clients’ wares to the public.
A) have found / were shouting B) would be found / had been shouted C) might be found / were shouted D) used to find / had been shouting E) can be found / shouted
A) doesn’t clean B) didn’t use to clean C) wasn’t supposed to clean D) hadn’t been cleaned E) hasn’t cleaned
14. Portugal’s government ---- down by a military coup in 1974 and the new administration ----the rights of Portuguese African territories to independence.
A) was bringing / was recognised B) has brought / recognises C) was brought / recognised D) has been brought / is recognised E) had brought / had recognised
15. In order to keep his land fertile, a farmer ----animal, plant or chemical fertilizers.
A) had been used B) has to use C) must be used D) used to use E) can be used
16. During some of the war years, my father and his brother were separated ---- their parents because they were evacuated from London to the countryside. A) with B) for C) about D) from E) towards
17. In our company the sales representatives and the managers are provided ---- a company car. A) with
B) from C) by D) into E) for
18. The film “Rainmaker” is based ---- the book of the same name by John Grisham and tells the story of a newly qualified lawyer.
A) for B) from C) on D) with E) by
now because of the leak at the Nuclear Power station.
A) are exposing B) have been exposed C) will have been exposed D) were exposed
E) had been exposing
20. I’m sure they ---- with your gift. They --- a toaster for a long time.
A) will thrill / wanted
B) had thrilled / have wanted
C) are going to thrill / had been wanting D) will be thrilled / have been wanting E) will have been thrilled / want
21. Under UK equal opportunity laws, an employee ---- against on the grounds of race, religion or gender.
A) didn’t use to discriminate B) should not discriminate C) won’t have discriminated D) hasn’t been discriminating E) cannot be discriminated
22. The company ---- the advertisement because several viewers ---- that it was offensive. A) was being withdrawn / will complain B) withdraws / had complained
C) had been withdrawn / were complaining D) could have withdrawn / complain E) had to withdraw / complained
23. Strict dieting to lose weight ---- only under a physician’s care.
A) has attempted B) should be attempted C) is attempting D) must have attempted E) had been attempting
24. Are you sure my table ---- by this cleaning fluid?
A) won’t have damaged B) hadn’t damaged C) won’t be damaged D) isn’t damaging E) hasn’t been damaging
A) is filled / is delivered B) must be filled / has delivered C) has filled / has been delivered D) was filled / had delivered E) will have filled / delivers
26. This morning, the attendant ---- a baby who ---- in an old blanket on the steps of the country hospital.
A) finds / wrapped
B) was being found / has been wrapped C) is finding / was wrapping
D) found / was wrapped
E) was found / had been wrapped
27. The sailing ship ---- about like a toy by the strong November wind.
A) threw B) had thrown C) throws
D) was being thrown E) has been throwing
28. All of the trees that ---- by the disease ---- ; otherwise, the problem will spread through the whole orchard.
A) affect / must have been destroyed B) are affected / should be destroyed C) have been affected / destroy
D) have been affecting / might be destroyed E) are affecting / will have been destroyed 29. In some states in the USA, prisoners who
have received the death sentence ---- by lethal injection, while other states ---- prisoners in an “electric chair”.
A) have been killing / are executed B) had been killed / will execute C) are killed / execute
D) will kill / are going to execute E) are killing / are executing
30. Most of the animals which now ---- wild on the island ---- there during the 19th century. A) live / were brought
B) are living / had brought C) were living / are brought D) have been living / brought E) lived / have been brought
I still ---- accustomed to breathing with all that equipment.
A) took / hadn’t got B) am taking / didn’t get
C) have been taking / haven’t got D) am taken / wasn’t getting E) will be taken / won’t be getting
32. You the dogs in; otherwise, they ----frightened when the fireworks go off.
A) must have brought / got B) should have brought / have got C) are brought / are getting D) had better bring / will get E) have been brought / get
33. As far as I know, the body ---- by a child who ---- his bike through the park.
A) has discovered / is riding B) had discovered / was ridden C) was being discovered / rides D) is discovered / is being ridden E) was discovered / was riding
34. The secretary ---- ---- in the conspiracy, but we don’t know whether she actually shot the senator or not.
A) has been known / to be involving B) is known / to have been involved C) will have known / to involve D) knew / to have involved
E) had been known / having involved
35. Robert is so clumsy with words that whenever he ---- his mouth, he ---- somebody.
A) opens / insults B) opened / is insulted C) will open / has insulted D) will have opened / is insulting E) had opened / was insulted
SET 3
1. Oh, gosh! You ---- with a shark coming straight towards you.
A) must have been terrified B) could have terrified C) must have been terrifying D) should have terrified E) used to be terrifying
2. The forest fire ---- an area of the Amazonian rain forest the size of France.
A) was destroyed B) destroys C) will be destroyed D) has destroyed E) had been destroyed
3. Spiders ---- by many people, but most of them ---- to be harmless.
A) had feared / were known B) have been feared / knew C) are feared / are known D) have feared / have known E) will be feared / know
4. Although specifically directed against slavery, the 13th Amendment to the US Constitution ---- since ---- by the federal courts as applicable to all forms of enforced labour. A) is / being viewed
B) has / been viewed C) will / have been viewed D) has / been viewing E) is / viewing
5. My mother is quite old now and sometimes she ---- up and down steps.
A) was to be helped B) has helped C) used to help D) must have helped E) has to be helped
6. As none of us have been there before, we ----how much time we ---- for the journey. A) won’t decide / allowed
B) can’t decide / should allow C) might not decide / had allowed D) aren’t decided / allow
E) haven’t been decided / will allow
7. As we ---- towards the Brandenburg Gate in Berlin, thousands of people ---- in the opposite direction to protest about the increase in telephone rates.
A) were being walked / have marched B) were walked / are marching C) were walking / have been marching D) walked / were marching
E) are walking / had marched
8. After my father ---- me his old bicycle, I ---- to university, which was better for my health. A) was given / had cycled
B) has been given / have been cycling C) was giving / will be cycling
D) has given / will cycle E) had given / cycled
9. When the meadow behind the farm ----, my brother’s hayfever ----.
A) was mowed / deteriorated B) mows / has deteriorated C) had been mowed / deteriorates D) mowed / had been deteriorating E) will have mowed / is deteriorating
10. The Irish people ---- to Christianity by Saint Patrick in the 5th century and Ireland had been a great centre of peace, culture and learning until it ---- by Vikings in the 9th century.
A) have converted / invades B) were converted / was invaded C) were converting / has invaded D) have been converting / was invading E) had converted / was being invaded
11. I ---- to see that the thing which ---- out of the bushes in front of me in the dark alley was only a cat.
A) had relieved / was jumped B) would relive / was jumping C) have been relieved / is jumping D) was relieved / jumped
E) am relieved / is jumped
12. I wonder whether the hotel ---- us with towels or not. A) is provided B) was provided C) had provided D) will provide E) is being provided
13. Fog over a city is usually more intense than over the surrounding countryside because the city ---- a greater amount of moisture into the atmosphere. A) is discharged B) has discharged C) discharges D) was discharged E) will be discharged
14. While she ---- the documents, she ---- several new French words.
A) was translating / learnt B) translated / is learning C) is translated / has learned D) has been translating / will learn E) translates / was learning
15. It’s has been a wonderful party! I ---- myself so much in a long time.
A) don’t enjoy B) won’t enjoy C) wasn’t enjoying D) haven’t enjoyed E)am not enjoying
16. Usually I cash for things because I ----using credit cards.
A) pay / don’t like B) have paid / didn’t like C) am paid / am not liked D) am paying / haven’t liked E) have been paid / won’t like
17. I know that you ---- here in the bathroom, son, because I ---- the smoke at this very moment. A) smoke / am smelling
B) smoked / could smell
C) have been smoking / can smell D) were smoked / used to smell E) are smoking / might smell
18. This is the fifth time they ---- this record this morning. I wonder when they ---- tired of it?
A) play / are getting B) were played / got C) had played / were getting D) are played / have got E) have played / will get
19. Sugar-free chewing gums ---- in the 1950s, and by the 1980s several brands ---- on the market.
A) were introducing / were appearing B) were introduced / had appeared C) had been introduced / will appear D) would have introduced / appeared
E) have been introduced / would be appearing 20. I really hate ---- waiting at the dentist.
A) being kept B) keeping C) to have kept D) having kept E) to keep
21. Are you going to hold a party when you ----? A) were promoting
B) will promote C) are promoted D) have promoted E) will be promoting
22. The twins ---- after by a German nanny for the last three years, so they can both speak German quite fluently.
A) are looking B) were being looked C) have been looked D) will have looked E) have been looking
23. A: What have you done to your ankle? B: I ---- over while I ---- on Sunday. A) was tripped / had hiked
B) would be tripping / have hiked C) had tripped / hiked
D) had been tripped / would be hiking E) tripped / was hiking
24. Jeff ---- himself how to play the guitar during his years at university, and now he ---- the instrument like a professional.
A) has taught / is played B) taught / plays
C) was teaching / will play D) will be taught / has played E) had been taught / was played
25. I ---- able to understand a lot more Turkish since the principles of vowel harmony ---- to me.
A) will be / explained B) was / had explained C) should be / were explaining D) am / are explaining E) have been / were explained
26. By the end of the month, you ---- to lessons for two months, so you ---- to take your proficiency test.
A) are coming / have been allowed B) are going to be coming / have allowed C) will have been coming / will be allowed D) have been coming / are allowed E) had been coming / will have allowed
27. You ---- your machine on the 13th March, so, allowing seven days for delivery, it ---- on or before the 20th.
A) ordered / will be delivered
B) have been ordering / has delivered C) are ordered / will be delivering D) are being ordered / is going to deliver E) will have ordered / delivers
28. They ---- the brochures but they haven’t bound them yet, so they ---- them until Monday.
A) have been printed / shouldn’t deliver B) have printed / can’t deliver
C) are printing / haven’t delivered D) are printed / couldn’t deliver E) will print / wouldn’t deliver
29. The teacher was certain that some of the students by the new grammar, but they ----any questions.
A) had confused / weren’t asked B) were confusing / hadn’t asked C) had been confused / aren’t asked D) were confused / didn’t ask E) will be confused / haven’t asked
30. Saturated fats ---- ---- the level of cholesterol in the blood.
A) have known / to be raising B) know / having raised C) were known / to be raised D) knew / to have been raised E) are known / to raise
31. The results ---- by now, so let’s phone dad and see if he knows the score.
A) should have broadcast B) might broadcast
C) ought to be broadcasting D) must have been broadcast E) will have been broadcasting
32. We ---- some sleep when we get home because we ---- on a coach for sixteen hours. A) will need / will have been travelling
B) needed / have been travelling C) are needed / are going to travel D) were needed / had been travelling E) need / are travelling
33. The head chef ---- that only fresh vegetables ---- in the production of their soups.
A) has claimed / will have used B) was claimed / used
C) is claimed / have been used D) claims / are used
E) claimed / were using
34. A monastery ---- on this site in the 11th century, but these remains are of a later structure, which ---- in the 13th century. A) was founding / had built
B) founded / was building C) was founded / was built
D) had been founded / has been built E) have founded / would be built
35. Unfortunately, the student had confused the “present perfect” ---- the “past perfect” and therefore, he scored rather badly on his last examination. A) for B) with C) about D) by E) from
36. As long as I ---- at least three times a week, I’m sure I ---- any stage fright before the performance.
A) rehearse / won’t experience
B) am rehearsing / haven’t experienced C) was rehearsing / hadn’t experienced D) will rehearse / am not experiencing E) rehearsed / don’t experience
37. Hopefully, I ---- refreshed and invigorated by the time I ---- from holiday.
A) am feeling / have returned B) was feeling / was returned C) will be feeling / return
D) am going to feel / am returned E) will have felt / had returned
38. Why is it always regarded as so funny when someone ---- on a banana skin?
A) is slipped B) slipped C) was slipped D) had slipped E) slips
39. I ---- her only when she ---- that she was wrong.
A) forgave / was admitted B) forgive / is admitted C) will forgive / admits
D) am going to forgive / admitted E) have forgiven / will admit
40. Are you sure you ---- an umbrella? It looks as if it ----?
A) didn’t need / has rained
B) haven’t needed / has been raining C) don’t need / had been raining D) won’t need / is going to rain E) hadn’t needed / was raining
41. The party ---- only to employees. The employees’ families ---- as well.
A) doesn’t limit / have invited B) isn’t limited / are invited C) wasn’t limited / invited
D) hasn’t limited / had been invited E) won’t limit / were invited
42. The letters - in a drawer, in which Emily ----all her personal keepsakes.
A) are hidden / was kept B) were hidden / kept C) are hiding / is kept D) hid / was keeping E) had hidden / keeps
43. We ---- the evening until Frank ---- to an emergency.
A) enjoyed / has been called B) enjoyed / was calling C) were enjoying / was called D) had enjoyed / has called
E) will be enjoying / had been called
44. The parcel ---- back to the Post Office, because I was at work when they ---- to deliver it.
A) took / were tired
B) has been taking / are trying C) is taken / are tired
D) had been taken / have tried E) was taken / tried
45. The nations of Central America ---- many cultural characteristics, and except in Belize, Spanish ---- in all of them as the official language.
A) share / is spoken B) are sharing / has spoken C) are shared / has been speaking D) were sharing / had spoken E) shared / is speaking
SET 4
1. The leader of the “Help the Children” program hopes that every child in the area ---- by a doctor before the end of the month.
A) will be seeing B) is going to see C) had been seen D) has been seen E) will have been seen
2. Temperature ---- by a thermometer, a glass tube in which the height of a column of mercury or alcohol ---- with variations in temperature.
A) is measured / changes B) measures / has been changed C) measured / had changed D) is measuring / has changed E) has measured / is changed
3. Before steel and concrete ---- as building materials, the carpenter ---- the major role in constructing all building frameworks.
A) had introduced / was playing B) were introduced / played
C) have been introduced / would play D) were introducing / had played E) would introduce / has played
4. During World War II, the town of Coventry in England ... almost completely ---- . A) was / destroying
B) has been / destroyed C) had / destroyed D) was / destroyed E) would / have destroyed
5. Disease ---- ---- by creatures invisible to the naked eye that enter the body.
A) is said / to be caused B) is saying / to cause C) has said / to be causing D) was said / to have caused E) said / to have been caused
6. Rosa Bonheur ---- as a great artist in her ownlifetime, when she ---- a medal in the name of King Louis Philippe.
A) acknowledged / had awarded B) has been acknowledged / awarded C) was acknowledged / was awarded D) has acknowledged / was awarding E) was acknowledging / would be awarded
7. The Olympic Games ---- on television by millions of people worldwide.
A) have watched B) will be watching C) are watched D) will have watched E) have been watching
8. Many recent works ---- that all children go through the same stages of language development regardless the language they --- .
A) are stressing / are learnt B) have stressed / are learning C) will be stressed / have learnt D) stressed / will be learnt E) were stressed / learn
9. Mary’s aunt ---- in hospital for some more tests.
A) was supposed to keep B) is keeping
C) was keeping D) must have kept E) has been kept
10. If you ---- by the children while you ----, I can send the children outside to play.
A) are troubling / have worked B) trouble / have been working C) will be troubled / worked D) are troubled / are working E) were troubled / had worked
11. I ---- excited at the thought that in less than a week we ---- in the mountains.
A) am getting / will be skiing B) have got / have been skiing C) had got / will have skied D) will get / had been skiing E) will have got / ski
12. Mr. Grunfeld ---- for his humour already, but on this occasion the whole class ----hysterically.
A) knew / had been laughing B) is known / was laughing C) has known / laughed D) knows / were laughed E) was known / laugh
13. She says that she ---- her mind whatever others ---- her.
A) isn’t changed / have told B) wasn’t changed / were telling C) won’t change / tell
D) didn’t change / were told E) hasn’t changed / are told
14. Originally, only the Chinese ---- acupuncture, but since the 1970s Western interest in this form of medical treatment ---- .
A) were using / will have grown B) have used / was growing C) used / has been growing D) were used / is growing E) had been using / grew
15. In medieval times mattresses were filled ----natural materials like feathers, straw and horsehair. A) of B) to C) from D) with E) by
16. Until he ---- his name for the movie business, John Wayne ---- Marion Michael Morrison. A) was changing / called
B) was changed / had been called C) has been changed / would call D) had changed / has been called E) changed / was called
17. New homes ---- in a safer area for the people whose village ---- away by the flood waters. A) are building / has been swept
B) have been built / was sweeping C) will have built / has swept
D) were building / had been sweeping E) were built / had been swept
18. The water tank on the iron ---- before the iron ---- away.
A) has been emptied / puts B) must empty / has been put C) had to empty / put D) should be emptied / is put
E) could have emptied / had been put
19. Mr. Swindle ---- at the moment because of the accusation of fraud.
A) is being questioned B) was questioning C) has been questioning D) is questioning E) had been questioned
20. Social drinking, if it ----, ---- to alcoholism. A) doesn’t control / must lead
B) isn’t controlled / can lead C) didn’t control / might lead D) hasn’t controlled / has led E) wasn’t controlled / had led
21. I would like these reports ---- as soon as the photocopier is available. A) to photocopy B) photocopy C) being photocopied D) to be photocopied E) having photocopied
22. The French brochure about the new machine ---- so that we can produce a leaflet in Turkish.
A) used to be translated B) might have translated C) has to be translated D) must have translated E) will have translated
23. Because she is worried ---- walking home in the dark, she doesn’t like working late. A) of
B) about C) from D) with E) for
24. I hope that the new calf ---- while I’m at home because I want to see it straight away.
A) was born B) will bear C) bears D) bore E) will be born
25. The first official automobile race ---- in France in 1894.
A) was held B) held C) had held D) has been held E) would have held
26. She thinks that she ---- against at her present work place just because she is a woman. A) discriminates
B) discriminated
C) is being discriminated D) will have discriminated E) had discriminated
27. He used to get so absorbed ---- his paintings that some days he would even forget to eat. A) of
B) about C) for D) in E) from
28. Employees who don’t have a good attendance record ---- on the management training scheme.
A) haven’t accepted B) didn’t accept
C) couldn’t have accepted D) don’t accept
E) won’t be accepted
29. When you ---- a product in a foreign country, you ---- customs and cultural differences into consideration.
A) have marketed / might have taken B) market / have been taken
C) are marketing / ought to take D) are marketed / have to take E) were marketed / had to be taken
30. With the growing interest in tennis, today the sport ---- either competitively or informally by about forty million people worldwide.
A) is played B) has been playing C) is playing D) has been played E) was played
31. Drugs ---- into the country mostly by sea and only a small percentage of them ever ----discovered.
A) had smuggled / got
B) will be smuggling / have got C) were smuggled / will be getting D) are smuggled / get
E) have been smuggling / are getting
32. Scotland’s national winter sport, curling is similar to bowling, but it is played ---- ice. A) by
B) with C) for D) in E) on
33. We all knew who she ---- , but no one ---- the actor’s name.
A) will mean / should be remembered B) meant / could remember
C) is meant / must have remembered D) was meaning / could be remembered E) means / can remember
34. A ten percent pay rise has been offered ----the corporation, but ----the employees aren’t very pleased ---- this amount.
A) of / from B) in / about C) by / with D) at / of E) from / at
35. You ---- all deliveries before you ---- any paperwork.
A) are checked / have signed B) have checked / will sign C) could check / are signed D) must check / sign E) may be checked / signed
36. Certain species of fish ---- their life among the corals, for they ---- them as a refuge from predators.
A) are spent / are using B) spend / use
C) will be spent / have used D) are spending / are used E) have spent / were used
37. "Coca Cola" ---- in almost every country in the world. A) is drunk B) has drunk C) is drinking D) drank E) was drinking
38. Don't talk about her award because she ----embarrassed every time the subject ---- . A) is getting / has mentioned
B) got / was mentioning C) gets / is mentioned D) has got / will be mentioned E) has been getting / mentioned
39. The police inspected the building and it appears that the bolts on the gate were cut ----bolt cutters. A) from B) with C) by D) on E) against
40. If a piece of granite is crushed ... powder, one can easily pick out tiny fragments of the separate substances, or minerals, that it is composed ---- . A) by / from B) on / by C) to / with D) of / for E) into / of
41. The whole evening was spoilt ---- one stupid argument. A) by B) on C) in D) from E) for
42. She knew that, thanks to the influential acquaintance of hers, she would be hired ----the position even if ----the interview didn't go well. A) with B) for C) about D) by E) from
43. The organization "Friends of the Earth" are ---- to the production of any form of nuclear power. A) obsessed B) blessed C) annoyed D) involved E) opposed
44. Mother Teresa ---- her life to helping people, particularly ill people and the poor.
A) devoted B) blessed C) involved D) excited E) associated
45. Sarah's friends are concerned that she is getting too ---- in charity work and ignoring her studies. A) dedicated B) involved C) estimated D) convinced E) related
46. I'm sure that she ---- with you. After all you tried every shop in town to get her what she wanted.
A) hasn't annoyed B) won't have annoyed C) doesn't annoy D) didn't annoy E) won't be annoyed
47. Tomorrow is the start of a public holiday, so I guess all the buses and trains ---- with people trying to benefit from the day-off.
A) have been crowded B) will be crowded C) were crowded D) will have crowded E) are crowded
48. The day that Princess Diana got married ----Prince Charles was a public holiday and flags were hung from houses and offices all over the country. A) with B) by C) to D) for E) from
49. The United Arab Emirates ---- by Qatar and the Persian Gulf on the north, Saudi Arabia on the west and south, and Oman on the east and northeast. A) is bordered B) has bordered C) bordered D) borders E) is being bordered
50. On the first day at her new company, she ----to all of the staff, except for the salesman, whom she still hasn't met.
A) is introduced B) will have introduced C) had introduced D)was introduced E) will be introduced
51.-65 sorularda, verilen cümleye anlamca en yakin olan seçeneği bulunuz.
51. Many English words are derived from Latin or Greek words.
A) English people often use Latin and Greek words when speaking.
B) The English language is a mixture of Latin and Greek.
C) Most of the English words are a combination of Latin and Greek words.
D) The origins of a lot of English words can be traced back to Latin or Greek.
E) When there isn't an English word to describe something, English people often use Latin or Greek.
52. The link between smoking and cancer had never been acknowledged before this research.
A) With the findings of this research, it was the first time anyone had acknowledged the link between smoking and cancer.
B) Despite extensive research, the connection between smoking and cancer hadn't been proved.
C) The connection between smoking and cancer hasn't been acknowledged yet, and it requires plenty of further research.
D) The aim of the research was to find whether there was a link between smoking and cancer.
E) No one has yet fully accepted that there is any connection between smoking and cancer.
53. The police kept the names of the suspects secret until after they'd arrested them.
A) Although the police suspected certain people, they did not mention any names. B) The suspects didn't want their names
broadcast until after they were in custody. C) The names of the suspects were not
released by the police before their arrest. D) The police didn't know the names of the
suspects before their arrest.
E) Only after the suspects had been arrested did the secret become known to everybody.
54. A solution will never be found unless both parties discuss the problem openly.
A) A solution can only result from both parties being satisfied with the conditions.
B) Both sides must discuss the problem openly; otherwise, they wil never be able to solve it. C) There is never going to be a solution
because both sides will not discuss the problem openly.
D) lf one party does not turn up to the discussion, then it will be difficult to find a solution.
E) After both sides have discussed the problem in detail, a solution will be found.
55. lt is believed to be impolite to ask a man about his salary.
A) Asking a man how much he earns is supposed to be impolite.
B) A lot of people think a man should never be asked how much money he has.
C) You should never ask a man how much he earns because he will think you are very rude.
D) lt is more impolite to ask a man how much he earns than it is to ask a woman.
E) Asking a man about his salary is the easiest, but also the rudest, way to upset him.
56. lt was not until the 20th century that the north and south poles were reached by human beings.
A) Before the 20th century, there were no human beings living at the north and south poles.
B) Many attempts were made to reach the north and south poles, but the first successful one was in the 20th century. C) Before the 20th century, human beings
didn't know that the north and south poles existed.
D) Man was only able to reach the north and south poles in the 20th century.
E) Until the 20th century, man lacked the equipment for a safe exploration of the north and south poles.
57. Many rivers are getting more and more polluted due to our thoughtless disposal of industrial waste.
A) A problem we should look at today is that many factories dispose of their waste by releasing it into nearby rivers, which causes pollution.
B) Because we dispose of industrial waste without thinking of the consequences, pollution levels in many rivers are getting worse.
C) The problem of river pollution should be given more thought; otherwise, it is only going to get worse.
D) River pollution is a growing problem because industrial progress has meant that once clean rivers are now too dirty to swim or fish in.
E) We cannot keep disposing of our industrial waste by pouring it into rivers, and therefore, another solution must be found.
58. The whole team were committed to the project and devoted their spare time to it.
A) Everybody was very excited about the project and spent lots of time planning it. B) All the members of the team were dedicated
people who worked very hard.
C) Everyone in the team was committed to the project, but those with more free time worked harder.
D) The success of the project depends on all the members of the team being committed and devoted.
E) All the members of the team devoted themselves to the project and dedicated their free time to it.
59. lt is claimed, but not proven, that watching violence on television affects children's behaviour.
A) Parents should not let their children watch violence on television because it will have serious effects on their behaviour.
B) Whether or not a child may be allowed to watch violence on television depends on how he reacts to it, but it is safer to restrict his viewing hours.
C) Children's behaviour is claimed to be affected by watching violence on television, but this has not been proven.
D) There are many experts who believe that some children are affected by watching violent films, while others are not.
E) Studies carried out by a group of experts have proved that watching violence on television affects how children behave. 60. The new mayor of our town used to be a
colleague of mine a long time ago.
A) l worked for the new mayor of our town for a long time.
B) The new mayor of our town was my colleague for a long time before he was elected
C) One of my colleagues from many years ago is the new mayor of our town.
D) It's a long time that l have known the person who has just been elected as mayor of our town.
E) Many years ago, one of my colleagues was the mayor of our town.
61. Many people think that Sue and Dave are divorced, but they are, in fact, only separated. A) Sue and Dave don't live with each other any
more and a lot of people think that they are going to be divorced soon.
B) lt's widely believed that Sue and Dave are no longer married to each other; they are actually still married but living apart.
C) Although Sue and Dave live apart from each other, the widespread belief among people is that they are still married.
D) Sue and Dave told a lot of people that their marriage was over, but they haven’t got divorced yet.
E) Some people thought that Sue and Dave were going to get divorced, but actually they only decided to get separated for some time.
62. The Moon is the only body in the universe, other than the Earth, whose surface features have been mapped in detail.
A) The Moon and the Earth are two of the cosmic objects which have been explored in detail by human beings.
B) When man landed on the Moon, it became possible to map its surface in almost as much detail as the Earth's.
C) Despite the many travels man has made into space so far, he has only been able to map the surface of the Moon in a similar way to the Earth's.
D) Apart from the Earth, the only cosmic object with detailed maps showing its surface features is the Moon.
E) The surface features of the Moon have been mapped in detail and found to be very similar to those of the Earth.
63. Someone should have warned us about the likelihood of being bitten by mosquitoes there at this time of year.
A) We ought to have been warned that we were likely to be bitten by mosquitoes there at this time of year.
B) Before we can decide whether to go or not, we need to know if there will be mosquitoes there at this time of year.
C) We'd better ask someone there about the possibility of our contracting disease if we are bitten by mosquitoes.
D) We didn't know mosquitoes were such a problem at this time of year, so we haven't brought any mosquito repellent.
E) We made a big mistake by going there without asking anyone whether there were any mosquitoes there at this time of year. 64. Your salaries are going to be paid before the
weekend.
A) You'll have received your wages by the weekend.
B) We can only pay your salaries at the end of the week.
C) You should receive your wages sometime this week.
D) We're definitely paying your salaries at the weekend.
E) lt doesn't seem possible for us to pay your salaries before the weekend.
65. Our Rotary Club finances the children's home annual outing every year.
A) The expenses for the children's home this year will be financed by the Rotary Club. B) The Rotary Club paid for the children's
home, which has an outing every year. C) The children's home yearly outing is always
paid for by our Rotary Club.
D) The profit we get from the children's home yearly outing meets the expenses of our Rotary Club.
E) Because of their financial problems, the children's home yearly outing will be met by our Rotary Club.
66. – 75. sorularda, verilen İngilizce cümlenin Türkçe dengini bulunuz.
66. The measures the police took at last week's match were severely criticised by the supporters.
A) Polisin geçen haftaki maç için aldığı önlem-lere karşı taraftarların şiddete başvurmaları eleştirildi.
B) Geçen haftaki maçta polisin aldığı önlemler taraftarlarca şiddetle eleştirildi.
C) Taraftarlar, polisin geçen haftaki maçta al-dığı önlemleri aşırı bularak eleştirdiler. D) Polis, geçen haftaki maçta taraftarlara karşı
şiddet kullandığı için eleştirildi.
E) Taraftarların eleştirdiği nokta polisin geçen haftaki maçta aldığı önlemlerin çok aşırı ol-masıydı.
67. The risk of developing heart disease in later life can be reduced by healthy eating and regular exercise.
A) İlerki yaşlarda kalp hastası olma riskini azaltmak için sağlıklı beslenmeli ve düzenli egzersiz yapmalısınız.
B) Sağlıklı beslenme ve düzenli egzersiz ilerki yaşlarda kalp hastalığına yakalanma riskini çok azaltmaktadır.
C) İlerki yaşlarda kalp hastalığına yakalanma riskini azaltmanın tek yolu sağlıklı beslen-mek ve düzenli egzersiz yapmaktır.
D) İlerki yaşlarda kalp hastası olmak isteme-yenler sağlıklı beslenerek ve düzenli egzer-siz yaparak bu riski azaltabilirler.
E) Sağlıklı beslenme ve düzenli egzersiz ile ilerki yaşlarda kalp hastalığına yakalanma riski azaltılabilir.
68. Propaganda may be defined as the spreading of information in order to influence public opinion.
A) Kamuoyuna bilgi ulaştırmak ve onu etkilemek için propaganda yapılmaktadır. B) Kamuoyuna bilgi ulaştırmanın en etkin yolu
propaganda yapmaktır.
C) Propaganda yoluyla yayılan bilgi kamuoyunu etkileyebilir.
D) Propaganda, kamuoyunu etkilemek için bilgi yaymak biçiminde tanımlanabilir.
E) Propaganda yoluyla bilgi yayılabilir ve böylece kamuoyu etkilenebilir.
69. Scientists are concerned that the warming of the Earth's surface could reach dangerous extents and cause severe damage to the environment.
A) Bilimadamları, tehlikeli boyutlara ulaştığı takdirde çevre bakımından zararlı olacağı için dünya yüzeyindeki ısınma ile yakından ilgilenmektedirler.
B) Bilimadamlarını endişelendiren, dünya yü-zeyindeki tehlikeli boyutlara varan ısınmadan dolayı çevrenin büyük zarar görüyor olmasıdır.
C) Bilimadamlarını en çok ilgilendiren konu dünya yüzeyindeki ısınmadır çünkü bu ısınma tehlikeli boyutlara ulaşmış ve çev-reye zarar vermeye başlamıştır.
D) Bilimadamları, dünya yüzeyindeki ısınmanın tehlikeli boyutlara ulaşıp çevreye büyük za-rar vermesinden endişe duymaktadır. E) Bilimadamları, dünya yüzeyindeki ısınmanın
tehlikeli boyutlara ulaşabileceğini ve bunun çevreye büyük zarar vereceğini iddia etmek-tedir.
70. The townspeople are closely watching every movement of the stranger, who has recently come and settled in our town and who is said to be a poet.
A) Geçenlerde kasabamıza gelen ve kasaba halkı tarafından her hareketi ilgiyle izlenen yabancının şair olduğu söyleniyor.
B) Kabasa halkı, geçenlerde kasabamıza gelip yerleşen ve şair olduğu söylenen yabancının her hareketini yakından izliyor.
C) Kısa bir süre önce kasabamıza gelip yerleş-tiğinden beri tüm kasaba halkının merakla izlediği yabancı şair olduğunu söylüyor. D) Kasabamıza gelen yabancının şair olduğu
kısa sürede anlaşılınca, kasaba halkı onun her hareketini ilgiyle izlemeye başladı. E) Geçenlerde kasabamıza şair olduğu
söyle-nen bir yabancı gelip yerleşti ve o günden beri kasaba halkı onun her hareketini yakın-dan izliyor.
71. As business becomes more and more global in nature, the likelihood that one country will be affected by a crisis in another increases.
A) İş dünyasında gittikçe büyüyen küresel-leşme sonucu bir ülkedeki krizin diğer bir ül-keyi etkilememesi neredeyse kaçınılmazdır. B) Giderek daha çok küreselleşen iş dünyası
bir ülkede başlayan krizin artarak diğer ülke-lere de yayılacağı olasılığını dikkate alma-lıdır.
C) İş dünyası yapı olarak küreselleştikçe, bir ülkenin başka bir ülkedeki krizden etkilen-mesi olasılığı da artmaktadır.
D) İş dünyasındaki küreselleşme, doğal olarak, bir kriz durumunda sadece bir ülkenin değil diğer ülkelerin de etkileneceği görüşünü kuvvetlendirmektedir.
E) İş dünyasındaki küreselleşmenin doğal bir sonucu da, krizlerin bir ülkeden diğerine sıç-rama olasılığını arttırmış olmasıdır.
72. Dolphins have been observed to be able to communicate with each other by using very high–pitched whistles.
A) Yunusların, birbirleriyle iletişim kurarken kullandıkları ıslıkların çok yüksek perdeden olduğu saptanmıştır.
B) Yapılan gözlemler sonucu yunusların, çok yüksek perdeden ıslıklar çıkararak kendi aralarında iletişim sağladıkları ortaya çık-mıştır.
C) Yunuslar kendi aralarında iletişimi, çok yük-sek perdeden ıslıklar kullanarak sağlamak-tadırlar.
D) Çok yüksek perdeden ıslıklar çıkarabilen yunusların, bu şekilde birbirleriyle iletişim kurdukları düşünülmektedir.
E) Yunusları, çok yüksek perdeden ıslıklar kullanarak birbirleriyle iletişim kurabildikleri gözlenmiştir.
73. The sixth question should be excluded from the test as the students haven't been taught this subject yet.
A) Öğrenciler bu konuyu henüz öğrenmedikleri için altıncı soruyu testten çıkarmak gereki-yor.
B) Altıncı sorunun testten çıkarılması gerekir çünkü bu konu öğrencilere henüz öğretil-medi.
C) Henüz öğrenciere öğretilmemiş bir konudan olan altıncı sorunun testten çıkarılması ge-rekirdi.
D) Testten çıkarılan altıncı soru öğrencilere he-nüz öğretilmemiş olan bir konudandı. E) Altıncı soru öğrencilerin henüz
öğrenmedik-leri bir konudandı ve testten çıkarılması ge-rekiyordu.
74. I’m opposed to children being given too much homework for the summer holiday.
A) Yaz tatili için çocuklara çok fazla ödev ve-rilmesine karşıyım.
B) Yaz tatili için çocuklara çok fazla ödev ve-rilmesini doğru bulmuyorum.
C) Bence yaz tatili için çocuklara hiç ödev verilmemeli.
D) Yaz tatili için çocuklara ödeve verilmeli ama çok fazla değil.
E) Yaz tatili için ödev verilmesine itiraz eden çocukların haklı olduğunu düşünüyorum. 75. The ground–floor of the new shopping centre
was opened last weekend, but the construction work is still continuing on the upper floors.
A) Üst katlarda inşaat işlerinin hala devam et-mesi nedeniyle yeni alışveriş merkezinin açılışı ancak geçen hafta sonu, giriş katta yapılabildi.
B) Geçen hafta sonu açılışı yapılan yeni alışve-riş merkezinin gialışve-riş katı hariç diğer tüm kat-larında inşaat devam ediyor.
C) Geçen hafta açılan alışveriş merkezinin giriş katının inşaatı bitti ancak üst katlarınki he-nüz tam olarak bitmedi.
D) Üst katlarda devam eden inşaata rağmen yeni alışveriş merkezinin açılışı geçen hafta sonu giriş katta yapıldı.
E) Yeni alışveriş merkezinin giriş katı geçen hafta sonu açıldı ama üst katlarda inşaat hala devam ediyor.
76. – 85. sorularda, verilen Türkçe cümlenin İngilizce dengini bulunuz.
76. 1933'te Naziler, güç gösterisi yaparak, Berlin'de tanınmış Alman yazarlarının binlerce kitabını yaktı.
A) in Berlin in 1933, the Nazis demonstrated their power by burning thousands of books by well–known German authors.
B) Thousands of books by many well–known German authors were burnt by the Nazis in Berlin in 1933, in an attempt to display their power.
C) As a means of protest to the Nazis’ display of power in Berlin in 1933, Germany's well known authors burnt thousands of their books.
D) In 1933, demonstrating their power, the Nazis burnt thousands of books by Germany's best–known authors in Berlin. E) Germany's well–known authors burnt
thousands of books as the Nazis entered Berlin in 1933, as a display of their power. 77. Kendisine gerçeğin söylenmediğini anlayınca
büyük hayal kırıklığına uğradı.
A) He was extremely disappointed, but he still refused to confess the truth.
B) He was very disappointed when he realised that he hadn't been told the truth.
C) in great disappointment, he realised that nothing he was told was true.
D) It was very disappointing for him to realise that the truth was not what he had been told. E) To his disappointment, they hadn't told him
the truth.
78. Paris'te düzenlenen moda defilelerine dünyanın her yerinden pek çok insan katılır. A) Fashion shows which are held in Paris
attract many people from all around the world.
B) Many people from all over the world attend the fashion shows that are held in Paris. C) People from all around the world wish to see
the fashion shows in Paris.
D) The fashion shows held in Paris are attended by many people from all over the world.
E) Many fashion shows are held in Paris, to which people the world over are attracted.
79. Yetkililer bölgede inceleme yapmadan depremin yol açtığı hasarın doğru bir değerlendirmesi yapılamaz.
A) We can only assess the damage from the earthquake precisely after the authorities have completed their survey in the area. B) For a thorough assessment of the situation
in the area, we have to wait for the authorities’ report listing the damage from the earthquake.
C) No accurate assessment of the damage caused by the earthquake can be made before the authorities survey the area. D) This assessment of the damage from the
earthquake cannot be precise as the authorities are still surveying the area. E) The assessment of the damage caused by
the earthquake won't be accurate until we receive the report from the authorities surveying the area.
80. Ulaşım için pek elverişli olmasalar da Japonya'nın nehirleri sulama ve elektrik üretiminde yoğun olarak kullanılmaktadır. A) Japan's rivers are not used intensively for
navigation, but they certainly are for irrigation and the generation of electricity. B) Although they are suitable for irrigation and
the generation of electricity, Japan's rivers are not of any use for navigation.
C) Besides their use for navigation, Japan's rivers are also widely used for irrigation and the generation of electricity.
D) ln spite of having no use for navigation, the rivers are extensively used in Japan for irrigation and the generation of electricity. E) Though they are not of much use for
navigation, Japan's rivers are used intensively for irrigation and the generation of electricity.
81. Dünyadan görüldükleri biçimiyle yıldızların yerini gösteren haritalar asırlardır yapılmaktadır.
A) For many centuries, people have been mapping the stars as they see them from the Earth.
B) Because some of the stars can be seen from the Earth, maps locating them are available.
C) Many centuries ago, the stars that could be seen from the Earth were mapped.
D) Maps locating the stars, as seen from the Earth, have been made for centuries. E) Only maps of the stars that can be seen
from the Earth have been drawn so far. 82. Yaklaşık 9 bin hektar tarım alanına sahip
Tunus'ta çoğu ürün kuru tarım yöntemleriyle yetiştirilmektedir.
A) In Tunisia, where about 9 thousand hectares are in cultivation, dryfarming methods are widely used.
B) Tunisia has 9 thousand hectares of farming area and, in most of it, crops are grown using dry–farming methods.
C) in Tunisia, which has about 9 thousand hectares of farming land, most crops are grown by dry–farming methods.
D) Tunisia has no other choice but use dry– farming methods for its 9 thousand hectares of land in cultivation.
E) Of the 9 thousand hectares of cultivated area Tunisia has, most is used for growing crops suitable for dry–farming methods. 83. Sınıf içi çalışmalar kişiye araba kullanmasını
öğretemez çünkü bu beceri ancak pratik yaparak kazanılabilir.
A) No classroom activities can teach a person how to drive, for this skill can only be acquired by practical experience.
B) Driving skills can only be acquired through practice, so instead of wasting time with classroom instructions, the person should just practise driving.
C) While practical experience is vital in acquiring driving skills, classroom activities are of little importance.
D) Classroom activities alone can't teach a person how to drive, so he has to practise driving a car in order to acquire this skill. E) A person doesn't acquire driving skills by
listening to the classroom instructions, but by getting practice out on the roads.
84. Cilt katmanlarındaki hasarın derinliğine bağlı olarak yanıklar birinci, ikinci ya da üçüncü derece biçiminde sınıflandırılırlar.
A) There are three types of burns, first, second or third degree, classified according to the depth of the damage to the layers of skin. B) The classification of burns as first, second or
third degree shows how deep the damage is to the layers of skin.
C) The three degrees of burns, first, second or third, tell us how deeply the layers o skin have been damaged.
D) In order to classify burns considering the damage to the layers of skin, the terms first, second or third degree are used.
E) Burns are classified as first, second or third degree, depending on the depth of the damage to the layers of skin.
85. Tarih boyunca pek çok faktör insanların giyinme biçimini etkilemiştir.
A) People have been affected by many factors throughout history concerning how they dress.
B) Throughout history, many factors have affected the manner in which people dress. C) The factors that have affected the way
people dress can be traced back through history.
D) For various reasons, people have dressed differently throughout history.
E) Dresses that people have worn throughout history have been of various styles.
PART II
SET 1
1. The statistics ---- that education levels in the UK ---- in the areas of mathematics and English in recent months.
A) are shown / are improved B) show / have been improving C) will be shown / will be improved D) had been showing / have improved E) were shown / might improve
2. Due to the pressure which ---- on schools to improve their results in mathematics and English, arts and crafts ----.
A) is placing / were neglected B) will place / were neglecting C) was placed / have been neglected D) had been placed / are neglecting E) placed / will have neglected
3. Understandably, his colleagues ---- when John left his job just after he ---- .
A) are shocked / was promoting B) have been shocked / is promoted C) were shocked / had been promoted D) had been shocked / has promoted E) are being shocked / is promoting
4. The sentence ---- out by the judge when the court reassembles after lunch.
A) was read B) had been read C) should read D) will be read E) will have read
5. For today’s writing test, you ---- to write a composition of at least four paragraphs. A) have required
B) require C) required
D) will have required E) are required
6. In my opinion, all the debts of the Third World countries … by the USA and the EU.
A) should be cancelled B) are cancelling C) could be cancelling D) ought to have cancelled E) have been canceling
7. International relations is a 20th-century subject, though foreign policy ---- out between countries for many centuries.
A) is being carried B) was carrying C) has been carried D) had been carrying E) will have carried
8. To achieve the unique coral red of the Ottoman tiles in the 16th century, craftsmen ---- a mixture of iron-oxide and quartz.
A) used to fire B) were fired C) have fired D) will be fired E) could be fired
9. ‘PRIVATE AND CONFIDENTIAL’ ---- in capital letters on the envelope, but still the letter was open when it ---- on my desk.
A) was written / was put B) had written / was putting C) is being written / has put D) was writing / has been put E) has been written / will be put
10. The pretty flower Viola ---- in 1863 by a Scottish plant breeder, who ---- wild pansies with a garden variety.
A) is created / had been crossing B) was created / crossed
C) has been created / was crossing D) created / was crossed
E) could create / had crossed
11. The area around the village of Grange in the Lake District ---- the ‘Jaws of Borrowdale’ because of the jagged rocks which ---- the valley.
A) is being called / are bordered B) has been called / were bordered C) is called / border
D) had called / will border
