Modeling and Simulation of Battery and SMES-based DVR for Grid-Connected Hybrid
PV-Wind Power System with Improved Power Quality Features
Pavani Papinenia, Dr. G. Venu Madhavb and Dr. T. Anil Kumarc
a PG Student, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Anurag Group of Institutions (now Anurag University)
b,c, Professor Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Anurag University, Venkatapur, Ghatkesar, Medchal–
Malkajgiri district, Hyderabad, Telangana, India. 500 088.
Email:apapinenipavani2709@gmail.com, bvenumadhaveee@anurag.edu.in , cthalluruanil@gmail.com
Article History: Received: 11 January 2021; Revised: 12 February 2021; Accepted: 27 March 2021; Published
online: 23 May 2021
Abstract: The DVR-connected series will inject three-compensation compressors using injection in three stages converter or
three injections in a single process variants in the main provision. The injection transformer increases the output voltage of the released VSI to the desired amount. The DVR circuit is also separated from the distribution grid by the converter. In DVR architecture, the power of the voltage source inverter (VSI) and the value of the connection filter connecting the injection transformer and the inverter are crucial. A new technology science for Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR) has been proposed in this research project. Under a variety of error conditions, the voltage source inverter (VSI) and low link filter values will improve harmonic compensation power, swell, and voltage sag mitigation. The updated RLC filter has the ability to filter out shifting harmonics. When the import value is low, the power of the dc supply capacity is limited. The current DVR topology is extremely capable, and it has the ability to increase electrical power efficiency. For a particular model, the frame structure of the RLC filter parameters was introduced. A new DVR with the proposed topology controlled Dynamic Voltage Restorer is modeled and replicated using MATLAB. With lower torque, the control scheme has greater control features than it does now. Imitation effects under temporary operation are good.
Keywords: LGS, mathematics, teacher, difficulty
1. Introduction
The complexities of critical loads in energy systems are increasing every day, so energy efficiency problems are becoming increasingly relevant in modern times. Electric shocks, voltage sag, harmonics, flicker, and other high-energy power issues are listed Injecting voltage induces voltage jumps. The introduction of various indirect loads such as diode bridge rectifiers, swift drivers (ASD), control switches (SMPS), laser printers, and others has a negative impact on power efficiency. For a brief time of 0.5 to a few cycles, change the voltage from 0.1pu to 0.9pu. Typically, failures arise in delivery networks where the electrical output is decreased from 40% to 50% of the rated power in less than 2 seconds. The above-mentioned energy efficiency issues in critical loads necessitate mitigating their impacts. In addition, new electronic technologies known as custom electronic devices were launched. A distribution static compensator (D-STATCOM), an optimized quality power conditioner (UPQC), and a dynamic electric return are the instruments in question (DVR). The DVR is the optimal method for restoring voltage to outlets. When the efficiency of the energy is affected. The DVR compensates for voltage sag by inserting the required voltage into the series and changing the grid voltage to hold the rated voltage in equilibrium mode. An inverter, an injection converter, and a power saving unit are usually included in a DVR. The current inverter topology is designed to inject voltage with careful regulation of step size and duration, retain a steady voltage, and prevent power supply disruptions. The DVR system's basic model.
Fig: The Proposed BES-SMES based DVR
DVR is a versatile electronic switching system that has a power-controlled voltage and is attached to a series of volumetric bus loads. The results of the bus volume fault on the critical line can be eliminated with this voltage. A DVR is a system that detects voltage on the load side or improves power efficiency, and its direction is
determined by a sequence between the source and the load. To shield sensitive equipment from power outages, DVRs are linked to distribution systems in a chain. The DVR's primary purpose is to sense electrical droplets from the power system station and adjust the voltage to compensate for the power outage those results. As a result, the DVR is mounted near a critical stable load. The DVR works in response to the type of disturbance or occurrence that happens in the device, allowing the voltage source inverter (VSI) to transform the input voltage from the DC power supply to AC voltage. Using the dq0 switch or the Park shift, link the controller to the DVR.
2.Dvr Literature Review
Other nations use FACTS and DFACTS instruments to address delivery and distribution infrastructure issues. FACTS can be defined as [9], “AC transmission systems consisting of power regulators and power transmission capacity with unequal control,” according to IEEE recommendations. With scarce capital, economic constraints, and some environmental constraints, today's electricity demand has risen sharply, whereas the growth of generation and transmission networks has fallen short. Owing to a lack of funding, the new transfer mechanism cannot effectively be extended. As a result, increasing transmission capability is a feasible choice. Owing to some weaknesses in the loading capacity of the transmission system, switch lines are not completely used. The temperature, dielectric, and stability limits are all taken into account. Controlling and improving the power used in current lines is possible with FACTS controllers Under normal conditions, FACTS controls permit linear flow capacity, and when they malfunction, they cause the line to transfer energy near its thermal values [10], [11]. The DVR is used in the delivery system to shield the load from voltage sags and voltage spikes. The DVR is attached to the transformer and the inverter, and the battery control grid (BESS) is also connected to the DVR, which compensates for active and effective power to mitigate voltage sags and voltage swells [12]. The DVR reaches the voltage in the delivery system using a capacitor, depending on the frequency of the voltages. The DVR is a FACTS gadget that compensates for voltage sags, swelling, and voltage harmonics caused by loads. In regular situations, the DVR inserts voltages into series and transmission lines and adds a limited number of voltages. The DVR, on the other hand, measures the values needed to shield the load in the event of a disruption by adjusting the pulse sinusoidal (SPWM). Following that, certain voltages are pumped into the device to keep it running. DVR absorbs or transmits active or active energy in normal circumstances, but in the event of a disruption, DR delivers or implements active or active energy from dc-link. [13.] The implementation of DVR by PT DSS power industries is suggested by Martiningsih et al. DVR serves as reward and is connected to the network and distribution lines. Power efficiency constraints may be reversed with the proposed PI DVR. [14.] Eltamaly et al. suggest a DVR-based technique for reducing voltage sag and improving power system efficiency. Electrical system performance has decreased. The findings show that the DVR sufficiently compensates for the sag / inflammation, implying proper power adjustment [15]. Ali et al. used DVR to reduce layers and balance inflammation using a versatile electric novelty (PET). The findings reveal that the novel configuration successfully eliminates power and energy balance in the delivery line [16]. To have a Low Voltage Ride through (LVRT) for renewable energy systems, a nonlinear adaptive control (NAC) with DVR is proposed. The mild interaction with the NAC, which involves noise analysis, instability, and disruptions such as the transient influence of renewable energy and grid failures, compensates for the system's real interruption. For strict and versatile regulation, NAC does not require a particular model or full calculation. A power management system is integrated into the DVR (ESS). ESS-DVR compensates for grid power installation by addressing problems. An arbitrary logic controller (FLC) can be used in this case, and both FLC and NAC controls boost LVRT capacity [17]. The main thing is that when it is down, a high degree of ESS-DVR is needed. Output will suffer as a result. Benali et al. [18] proposed another method for increasing FLC capacity for DVR power. Danbumrungtrakul and colleagues introduced an DVR efficiency can be improved by using an appropriate zero-use mechanism [19]. They have obtained better performance than the Standard DVR Compensation in their own unique way. [20] Describes how to improve energy efficiency using the DVR-based Grasshopper Optimization Algorithm (GOA). To change the parameters of the Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) meeting controls, the GOA-based procedure is recommended.
3.Simulation Circuit With Dvr For Pv Wind Power System
Solar PV-wind hybrid systems Hybrid PV and wind energy systems are an appealing option, especially for stand-alone applications. Since the shortcomings of one system can be improved by another, combining two solar and wind systems can improve stability and make the hybrid system more cost-effective to run. The grid incorporation of solar and wind energy systems will also serve to boost the overall economy and the efficiency of renewable energy generation in delivering its load. Similarly, incorporating solar and wind hybrid energy into a self-contained device will minimize the amount of energy storage needed to provide continuous electricity. Photovoltaic or concentrating solar energy are used in solar power systems. The type of photovoltaic will be the subject of this article. Some books and journals, such as [4 - 7], have detailed examples of various technology, physics, and PV bases. According to Kurtz [8, the concentrate cell was just 30% active ten years ago, but it now has a success rate of more than 40%, with a promise of near 50% in the coming years. According to the accurate
[9], Si cells are 26 percent effective, and the multi-junction III-V-compound cell is more than 45 percent efficient (48 percent in the laboratory).
Total circuit configuration with existing controller
PV modules produce results that are largely determined by the level of radiation. As the light intensity increases, the photocurrent will be increased and the voltage-circuit will be reduced [10]. Every photovoltaic cell's performance decreases as the temperature increases, and can be uniformly spread in the cell [11]. The application of solar energy in different parts of the world will minimize solar power [12]. Solar PV and focused solar power plants generate costly electricity, which necessitates substantial cost reductions or policy reforms that promote or compel the use of these technologies in order to gain significant market penetration [13].The global air report (2012) showed that the annual market grew by about 10% to reach about 45 GW and the estimated market growth was almost 19% [14]. References [4] and [15] give detailed explanations of wind power. Horizontal-axis wind turbines (HAWT) and vertical-axis wind turbines (VAWT) are the two types of wind turbines (VAWT). WT generates 59 percent of overall wind power at its full effective output.
There are two types of solar wind hybrid systems: grid connected and stand-alone. A review of the hybrid grid-connected and self-contained grid with PV solar power and wind power has been done around the world by many researchers who have brought various challenges and proposed a number of possible solutions. Because of the hybrid nature of solar PV and wind power, efficient use techniques can play a significant role in efficient use. Drawing techniques [16], direct system [17 - 18], and a possible solution [19] are only a few examples of strategies used in both organisms for clean energy mixed energy systems. Luna-Rubio et al. [20] reviewed recent studies on calculating clean energy mixed energy networks with energy-saving instruments in both stand-alone and grid-connected systems.
Simulink diagram for existing controller
The authors have provided brief explanations of these various indicators and methods of measurement. Strategic review of [21] was used to develop a clean energy management scheme, and [22] was revised to strengthen the renewable energy system, with a heavy emphasis on PV wind and solar systems. [21] And [22] are reviews that extend to all grid-connected and stand-alone networks.
Voltage profile with existing controller
Current profile with existing controller
Flywheels, lead-acid batteries, superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES), and super-capacitors are examples of energy storage systems [28].While the power output, the storage area provides the actual power required as it is its main function. The compensation power of the DVR is defined by the employees power generates a power storage device. Rather than relying on other end-to-end devices, high-response charging and discharge time devices are used as lead batteries. The emission level determines the available internal storage space, and this emission rate is based on chemical reactions
0 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.1 0.12 -800 -600 -400 -200 0 200 400 600 800 Time(s) O u tp u t V o lt a g e (V )
PWM Controller Output Voltage
0 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.1 0.12 -10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 Time(s) O u tp u t V o lt a g e (V )
.Total harmonic distortion existing controller
Pulse-Width Modulated VSI (PWMVSI) is widely used. As stated in the previous section, a DC voltage was generated using an energy storage unit. A VSI is a voltage converter that converts DC to AC voltage. To increase the magnitude of voltage at the time of the sag, a step up voltage injection transformer from the DVR control circuit was used. As a result, a minimum voltage value of VSI suffices.
Total circuit with proposed controller
PWM transformed the cardiac pulse form into a sinusoidal waveform form by using low-performance filters in this manner. In the VSI to implement this conversion, it is compulsory to remove high value items when the DC-AC is converted, and it will also change the output power paid. An idle filter is an important source for power inverters. As a result, it uses the injector transformer's low power side as the inverter side and the high power side as the load side, as seen in Figure 5.Therefore, the pressure on the injection transformer is also reduced by it. When the filter is placed on the side of the inverter and causes phase shift and power outage inverted, that is the disadvantage of the filter. Therefore, by placing a filter on the side of the load, this problem can be solved. The
second side of the transformer allows high-quality harmonics currents because a high-value transformer is required
Simulink diagram for proposed controller
The voltage injection transformer has two faces, one of which is attached to the series' distribution line. The DVR power circuit is attached to the other side. One-phase converters or three-phase transformers can be used in a three-phase DVR, but only one converter is permitted in a single DVR category. When connecting the DVR's 3rd phase to the single-phase converter, the "Delta-Delta" style attachment is used.
Voltage profile with proposed controller
Current profile with proposed controller
0 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.1 0.12 -800 -600 -400 -200 0 200 400 600 800 Time(s) O u tp u t V o lt a g e (V )
OutPut Voltage Waveform of SRF Controller
0 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.1 0.12 -15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15 Time(s) O u tp u t V o lt a g e (V )
The VSI output is the required range and mimics the DVR circuit from the network switch caused by setting the converter. Depending on the volume required on the second side of the voltage, the pre-tested and significant values are the rotating values. Components of the inverter circuits are affected by the high cost of the high-frequency curve with high-high-frequency currents — the core of the main side with high high-frequency pulses that can affect parts of the inverter circuit. The value of the transformer is an important factor when determining the efficiency of a DVR. The significance of the ambiguous measure of the concern of the injection converter is the high frequency converter. In the event of the emergence of an organization withY with an impartial foundation, there will be no distribution of zero collection rates in aid in the event of an unequal shortage or a shortage of land on the more powerful side. In this way, well-organized and well-organized components are rewarded with DVR.
Total harmonic distortion proposed controller
4.Conclusion
The proposed DVR is capable of resolving power quality disruptions, according to simulation findings. Potential power outages will be detected by the DVR control block, and DVR functions will be used to compensate. Three single-phase injection transformers with primary supply or a three-phase injection transformer with primary supply the injection transformer increases the output voltage of the released VSI to the desired amount. The DVR circuit is also separated from the distribution grid by the converter. In DVR architecture, the power of the voltage source inverter (VSI) and the value of the connection filter connecting the injection transformer and the inverter are crucial. A new technology science for Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR) has been proposed in this research project. Under a variety of error conditions, the voltage source inverter (VSI) and low link filter values can boost harmonic compensation strength, swell, and voltage sag mitigation. The updated RLC filter has the ability to filter out shifting harmonics. When the import value is low, the power of the dc supply capacity is limited. The current DVR topology is extremely capable, and it has the ability to increase electrical power efficiency. For a particular model, the frame structure of the RLC filter parameters was introduced. MATLAB is used to model and simulate a current DVR with the proposed topology regulated Dynamic Voltage Restorer. With lower torque, the control scheme has greater control features than it does now. Under temporary service, imitation results are fine.
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