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TENSES
SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE
SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE SEVEN ARAÇLAR
Always
Usually / Generally / Most of the time / Mostly Often / Frequently /
Sometimes / At times / Occassionally / From time to time / Once in a while (Every) Now and then /
(Every) Now and again Seldom / Rarely
Barely / Hardly (ever) / Scarcely (ever) / Never / Never ever
Every
Every year, every day, each year, Every two years
Every other day , every other month Once a year / Twice a week /
Three times a day Ever
Still How often
ÖNEMLİ HATIRLATMA !!!
TENSE’LERİ ANLATIRKEN BURADA VERDİĞİMİZ ZAMAN BELİRTEÇLERİ SADECE BU ZAMANLARLA DEĞİL, BAŞKA ZAMANLARLA DA KULLANILABİLİR. LİSTELER YAYGIN KULLANIMLARI ESAS ALINARAK YAPILMIŞTIR.
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PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE AM, IS, ARE VERB+ING
PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE SEVEN ARAÇLAR:
Now
At the moment
Still I am still working in İzmir. Presently
Currently Right now
For the time being Look/ Listen Nowadays These days Tomorrow
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SIMPLE PAST TENSE V2
SIMPLE PAST TENSE SEVEN ARAÇLAR
Yesterday Last night Ago in 1955 When I was Until World War II Before World War II During World War II That night / On that day Previously / Formerly During the last weekend Einstein
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PRESENT PERFECT TENSE HAVE / HAS V3
PRESENT PERFECT SEVEN ARAÇLAR
Already Just Yet Ever For Since
Since…V2. , …Have/Has V3 -been V+ing Recently-Lately
Until now, So far, Up to now, Hitherto , To date In the last 2 weeks
Over the last 2 weeks For the last 2 months During the last 2 years
Twice, three times, four times
Sharapova is the best player I have ever V3 This is the first time I have ever V3
STILL Sadece olumsuzda have/has v3 She still hasn’t called me. =
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PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE HAVE/HAS BEEN V ERB+ING
Uzun sürebilecek fiil sever:
RUN WORK LIVE SPEAK SWIM TEACH STUDY gibi.
Bir eylemi geçmişte yapmaya başladık ve şimdiye kadar da yapmaya devam ettiysek veya çok kısa süre önce yapmayı kestiysek bu tense’i
kullanıyoruz.
Sonunda “FOR TWO YEARS, FOR A LONG TIME” gibi zaman belirteçlerine bayılır.
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PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE WAS/ WERE VERB+ING
THIS TIME YESTERDAY... WHEN
WHILE JUST AS AS
Past Continuous Tense’i daha çok konuştuğumuz eylem başka bir eylem tarafından kesildiğinde kullanıyoruz.
Eve giderken arkadaşıma rastladım.
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FUTURE TENSE WILL / WON’T WILL SEVENLER
I hope that he will…. I think that…. I believe that…. I am sure/confident/certain that I promise that…. WILL HAVE V3 (Yapmış olacağım) By the time By Before WILL BE V+ING (Yapıyor olacağım)
This time tomorrow
AM IS ARE GOING TO V1 (Planlı gelecek)
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PAST PERFECT TENSE PAST PERFECT TENSE HAD V3
Hatırlatma:
Tek cümlede tek başına kullanma ! Yanına PAST bir başka TENSE ister.
Bazı bağlaçlarla şık durur:
AFTER BEFORE AS SOON AS ONCE THE MOMENT BY THE TIME UNTIL BECAUSE HARDLY...WHEN... NO SOONER...THAN... ÖNEMLİ !!!
PAST PERFECT TENSE’İN CÜMLE İÇİNDEKİ YERİ ÇOK ÖNEMLİDİR. BU TENSE’İ KULLANDIĞI NIZ YER, CÜMLENİN DİĞER TARAFINDA KONUŞULAN EYLEMDEN DAHA ÖNCE OLMUŞ OLMALIDIR. BU ÖZELLİĞİ HER “HAD V3”
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PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE HAD BEEN V+ING
Past Perfect Tense’i kafamızda şöyle yerleştirelim:
Was/Were ing sonuna “for 2 hours, for three days” eklenmiş hali. Sonda bunlar olunca was/were ing kullanamıyoruz. Yerine : had been verb+ing.
When I went home, he was sleeping.
When I went home, he had been sleeping for 3 hours. YASAKLAR:
Bağlacın iki tarafı HAD V3 – HAD V3 OLMAZ! When, After,Before,Until,By the Time,
As soon as PEŞİNDEN WILL GELMEZ! HAD V3 – HAVE,HAS V3 OLMAZ!
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TENSE UYUMU İSTEYEN BAĞLAÇLAR
When = As = Just as = While After Before Until By the time As soon as The moment Once Hardly... when... No sooner... than... As long as So long as
Whenever / No matter when / Every time If / Unless / Provided (that) / Providing (that) On condition that / In the event that
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TENSE UYUMU: FUTURE:
When …..GENİŞ ZAMAN/ HAVE -HAS V3, …...WILL V1... After Before By the time As soon as As long as PAST:
When ...PAST BİR TENSE... ,…...PAST BİR TENSE... After Before By the time As soon as As long as ÖNEMLİ !!!
Daha eski olan tarafta HAD V3 olur. HAD V3 – YANINA V2 İSTER.
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BY THE TIME FUTURE:
By the time…Present Tense/Have Has V3…, …Will have V3 By 2009……..Will have V3
PAST:
By the time…V2….. , …V2 / Had V3 / was, were….ing
HARDLY HAD HE V3…… WHEN … V2 NO SOONER HAD HE V3….. THAN…. V2
