İNSAN VE HAYVAN
NOROVİRUSLARI
ÖZET: İshaller insanlarda her yaş grubunu etkile-yen küresel bir sağlık sorunudur. Bakteri, parazit, mantar ve viruslar ishallere neden olan başlıca etkenlerdir. Akut Gast-roenterit (AGE) salgınlarına neden olan viral etkenler; Ro-tavirus, Adenovirus, Astrovirus ve Norovirus (NoV)’lardır. Ayrıca, NoV’lar hayvan ishallerinde ve özellikle buzağı ishal-lerine neden olan önemli bir viral etkendir.
NoV ilk kez 1968 yılında ABD’nin Ohio eyaleti Norwalk bölgesindeki AGE salgınında ortaya çıkmış, proto-tipi olan Norwalk Virus 1972 yılında Albert Kapikian tara-fından tanımlanabilmiştir (42). Sonraki yıllarda Dünya’nın değişik bölgelerinde salgınlar yapmıştır. Ülkemizde ise ilk kez 2008 yılında Aksaray, Adana, Kırşehir ve Şereflikoçhisar illerinde ortaya çıkan AGE salgınında tanımlanmıştır (96).
Bu derlemede, insan ve hayvanlarda günümüzde sık-lıkla görülmeye başlayan önemli ishal etkenlerinden biri olan Noroviruslar hakkında detaylı bilgi verilmesi amaçlanmıştır. ANAHTAR KELİMELER: İshal, sağlık, insan, hayvan, viral, salgın.
ABSTRACT: Diarrhea, a global health problem that affects people in every age group. Bacteria, parasites, fungi and viruses that cause diarrhea are the main factors. Acute gastroenteritis (AGE) which caused the deaths of viral fac-tors; Rotavirus, Adenovirus, Astrovirus, and which is the no-rovirus (NoV)’. In addition, the viral infections that causes diarrhea in calves and especially in animal novs major factor. NoV, Norwalk Ohio in 1968 for the first time emerged in the U.S. state of age outbreaks in the area, which is the prototype of the Norwalk virus in 1972 by Albert Kapikian has been defined (42). In subsequent years, a series of outbreaks in dif-ferent parts of the world. For the first time in our country in 2008, Aksaray, Adana, and Kırşehir that emerged in Şerefli-koçhisar AGE epidemic is defined .
In this review, often important to begin the causes of diarrhea in humans and animals to be seen today, which is one of no-rovirus is intended to give detailed information about. Key words: Diarrhea, health, human, animal, viral outbreak.
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